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HIV-1 Sub-Subtype A6: Settings for Normalised Identification and Molecular Epidemiology in the Southern Federal District, Russia
Russia has one of the largest and fastest growing HIV epidemics. However, epidemiological data are scarce. Sub-subtype A6 is most prevalent in Russia but its identification is challenging. We analysed protease/reverse transcriptase-, integrase-sequences, and epidemiological data from 303 patients to...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7232409/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32331438 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12040475 |
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author | Schlösser, Madita Kartashev, Vladimir V. Mikkola, Visa H. Shemshura, Andrey Saukhat, Sergey Kolpakov, Dmitriy Suladze, Alexandr Tverdokhlebova, Tatiana Hutt, Katharina Heger, Eva Knops, Elena Böhm, Michael Di Cristanziano, Veronica Kaiser, Rolf Sönnerborg, Anders Zazzi, Maurizio Bobkova, Marina Sierra, Saleta |
author_facet | Schlösser, Madita Kartashev, Vladimir V. Mikkola, Visa H. Shemshura, Andrey Saukhat, Sergey Kolpakov, Dmitriy Suladze, Alexandr Tverdokhlebova, Tatiana Hutt, Katharina Heger, Eva Knops, Elena Böhm, Michael Di Cristanziano, Veronica Kaiser, Rolf Sönnerborg, Anders Zazzi, Maurizio Bobkova, Marina Sierra, Saleta |
author_sort | Schlösser, Madita |
collection | PubMed |
description | Russia has one of the largest and fastest growing HIV epidemics. However, epidemiological data are scarce. Sub-subtype A6 is most prevalent in Russia but its identification is challenging. We analysed protease/reverse transcriptase-, integrase-sequences, and epidemiological data from 303 patients to develop a methodology for the systematisation of A6 identification and to describe the HIV epidemiology in the Russian Southern Federal District. Drug consumption (32.0%) and heterosexual contact (27.1%) were the major reported transmission risks. This study successfully established the settings for systematic identification of A6 samples. Low frequency of subtype B (3.3%) and large prevalence of sub-subtype A6 (69.6%) and subtype G (23.4%) were detected. Transmitted PI- (8.8%) and NRTI-resistance (6.4%) were detected in therapy-naive patients. In therapy-experienced patients, 17.3% of the isolates showed resistance to PIs, 50.0% to NRTI, 39.2% to NNRTIs, and 9.5% to INSTIs. Multiresistance was identified in 52 isolates, 40 corresponding to two-class resistance and seven to three-class resistance. Two resistance-associated-mutations significantly associated to sub-subtype A6 samples: A62V(RT) and G190S(RT). This study establishes the conditions for a systematic annotation of sub-subtype A6 to normalise epidemiological studies. Accurate knowledge on South Russian epidemiology will allow for the development of efficient regional frameworks for HIV-1 infection management. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7232409 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-72324092020-05-22 HIV-1 Sub-Subtype A6: Settings for Normalised Identification and Molecular Epidemiology in the Southern Federal District, Russia Schlösser, Madita Kartashev, Vladimir V. Mikkola, Visa H. Shemshura, Andrey Saukhat, Sergey Kolpakov, Dmitriy Suladze, Alexandr Tverdokhlebova, Tatiana Hutt, Katharina Heger, Eva Knops, Elena Böhm, Michael Di Cristanziano, Veronica Kaiser, Rolf Sönnerborg, Anders Zazzi, Maurizio Bobkova, Marina Sierra, Saleta Viruses Article Russia has one of the largest and fastest growing HIV epidemics. However, epidemiological data are scarce. Sub-subtype A6 is most prevalent in Russia but its identification is challenging. We analysed protease/reverse transcriptase-, integrase-sequences, and epidemiological data from 303 patients to develop a methodology for the systematisation of A6 identification and to describe the HIV epidemiology in the Russian Southern Federal District. Drug consumption (32.0%) and heterosexual contact (27.1%) were the major reported transmission risks. This study successfully established the settings for systematic identification of A6 samples. Low frequency of subtype B (3.3%) and large prevalence of sub-subtype A6 (69.6%) and subtype G (23.4%) were detected. Transmitted PI- (8.8%) and NRTI-resistance (6.4%) were detected in therapy-naive patients. In therapy-experienced patients, 17.3% of the isolates showed resistance to PIs, 50.0% to NRTI, 39.2% to NNRTIs, and 9.5% to INSTIs. Multiresistance was identified in 52 isolates, 40 corresponding to two-class resistance and seven to three-class resistance. Two resistance-associated-mutations significantly associated to sub-subtype A6 samples: A62V(RT) and G190S(RT). This study establishes the conditions for a systematic annotation of sub-subtype A6 to normalise epidemiological studies. Accurate knowledge on South Russian epidemiology will allow for the development of efficient regional frameworks for HIV-1 infection management. MDPI 2020-04-22 /pmc/articles/PMC7232409/ /pubmed/32331438 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12040475 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Schlösser, Madita Kartashev, Vladimir V. Mikkola, Visa H. Shemshura, Andrey Saukhat, Sergey Kolpakov, Dmitriy Suladze, Alexandr Tverdokhlebova, Tatiana Hutt, Katharina Heger, Eva Knops, Elena Böhm, Michael Di Cristanziano, Veronica Kaiser, Rolf Sönnerborg, Anders Zazzi, Maurizio Bobkova, Marina Sierra, Saleta HIV-1 Sub-Subtype A6: Settings for Normalised Identification and Molecular Epidemiology in the Southern Federal District, Russia |
title | HIV-1 Sub-Subtype A6: Settings for Normalised Identification and Molecular Epidemiology in the Southern Federal District, Russia |
title_full | HIV-1 Sub-Subtype A6: Settings for Normalised Identification and Molecular Epidemiology in the Southern Federal District, Russia |
title_fullStr | HIV-1 Sub-Subtype A6: Settings for Normalised Identification and Molecular Epidemiology in the Southern Federal District, Russia |
title_full_unstemmed | HIV-1 Sub-Subtype A6: Settings for Normalised Identification and Molecular Epidemiology in the Southern Federal District, Russia |
title_short | HIV-1 Sub-Subtype A6: Settings for Normalised Identification and Molecular Epidemiology in the Southern Federal District, Russia |
title_sort | hiv-1 sub-subtype a6: settings for normalised identification and molecular epidemiology in the southern federal district, russia |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7232409/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32331438 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12040475 |
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