Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection of shoulder joint after latissimus dorsi tendon transfer: A case report

Infection rates of arthroscopic procedures have been consistently reported at approximately 1% and are even less common in shoulder arthroscopy (0.3%). We are unaware of any prior reports of infection associated with an arthroscopic-assisted latissimus dorsi transfer and report on a 60-year-old male who experienced this event. At the 2-month follow-up, he reported an infection of the shoulder joint, characterized by a fistula on the portal scar. Laboratory tests revealed a Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection which was treated with arthroscopic irrigation and debridement of the shoulder joint followed by oral antibiotics for 6 weeks. At 1-year follow-up no findings of infection were presented. To our knowledge, this is the first case of P. aeruginosa infection of the shoulder after an arthroscopic-assisted latissimus dorsi tendon transfer. Because the empirical pharmacological therapy initially adopted did not produce a clinically important improvement, a more organism-specific antibiotic was used. In conclusion, the key points of positive results were surgical approach with careful washout, debridement of surgical accesses, and targeted antibiotic therapy.