Copper/Zinc Superoxide Dismutase in Human Skin: Current Knowledge

Superoxide dismutase is widespread in the human body, including skin and its appendages. Here, we focus on human skin copper/zinc superoxide dismutase, the enzyme that protects skin and its appendages against reactive oxygen species. Human skin copper/zinc superoxide dismutase resides in the cytopla...

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Autores principales: Altobelli, Giovanna G., Van Noorden, Susan, Balato, Anna, Cimini, Vincenzo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7235401/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32478084
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2020.00183
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author Altobelli, Giovanna G.
Van Noorden, Susan
Balato, Anna
Cimini, Vincenzo
author_facet Altobelli, Giovanna G.
Van Noorden, Susan
Balato, Anna
Cimini, Vincenzo
author_sort Altobelli, Giovanna G.
collection PubMed
description Superoxide dismutase is widespread in the human body, including skin and its appendages. Here, we focus on human skin copper/zinc superoxide dismutase, the enzyme that protects skin and its appendages against reactive oxygen species. Human skin copper/zinc superoxide dismutase resides in the cytoplasm of keratinocytes, where up to 90% of cellular reactive oxygen species is produced. Factors other than cell type, such as gender, age and diseased state influence its location in skin tissues. We review current knowledge of skin copper/zinc superoxide dismutase including recent studies in an attempt to contribute to solving the question of its remaining unexplained functions. The research described here may be applicable to pathologies associated with oxidative stress. However, recent studies on copper/zinc superoxide dismutase in yeast reveal that its predominant function may be in signaling pathways rather than in scavenging superoxide ions. If confirmed in the skin, novel approaches might be developed to unravel the enzyme's remaining mysteries.
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spelling pubmed-72354012020-05-29 Copper/Zinc Superoxide Dismutase in Human Skin: Current Knowledge Altobelli, Giovanna G. Van Noorden, Susan Balato, Anna Cimini, Vincenzo Front Med (Lausanne) Medicine Superoxide dismutase is widespread in the human body, including skin and its appendages. Here, we focus on human skin copper/zinc superoxide dismutase, the enzyme that protects skin and its appendages against reactive oxygen species. Human skin copper/zinc superoxide dismutase resides in the cytoplasm of keratinocytes, where up to 90% of cellular reactive oxygen species is produced. Factors other than cell type, such as gender, age and diseased state influence its location in skin tissues. We review current knowledge of skin copper/zinc superoxide dismutase including recent studies in an attempt to contribute to solving the question of its remaining unexplained functions. The research described here may be applicable to pathologies associated with oxidative stress. However, recent studies on copper/zinc superoxide dismutase in yeast reveal that its predominant function may be in signaling pathways rather than in scavenging superoxide ions. If confirmed in the skin, novel approaches might be developed to unravel the enzyme's remaining mysteries. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-05-12 /pmc/articles/PMC7235401/ /pubmed/32478084 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2020.00183 Text en Copyright © 2020 Altobelli, Van Noorden, Balato and Cimini. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Medicine
Altobelli, Giovanna G.
Van Noorden, Susan
Balato, Anna
Cimini, Vincenzo
Copper/Zinc Superoxide Dismutase in Human Skin: Current Knowledge
title Copper/Zinc Superoxide Dismutase in Human Skin: Current Knowledge
title_full Copper/Zinc Superoxide Dismutase in Human Skin: Current Knowledge
title_fullStr Copper/Zinc Superoxide Dismutase in Human Skin: Current Knowledge
title_full_unstemmed Copper/Zinc Superoxide Dismutase in Human Skin: Current Knowledge
title_short Copper/Zinc Superoxide Dismutase in Human Skin: Current Knowledge
title_sort copper/zinc superoxide dismutase in human skin: current knowledge
topic Medicine
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7235401/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32478084
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2020.00183
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