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Human Defensins: A Novel Approach in the Fight against Skin Colonizing Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus aureus is a microorganism capable of causing numerous diseases of the human skin. The incidence of S. aureus skin infections reflects the conflict between the host skin′s immune defenses and the S. aureus’ virulence elements. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are small protein molecules i...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7235756/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32326312 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9040198 |
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author | Scudiero, Olga Brancaccio, Mariarita Mennitti, Cristina Laneri, Sonia Lombardo, Barbara De Biasi, Margherita G. De Gregorio, Eliana Pagliuca, Chiara Colicchio, Roberta Salvatore, Paola Pero, Raffaela |
author_facet | Scudiero, Olga Brancaccio, Mariarita Mennitti, Cristina Laneri, Sonia Lombardo, Barbara De Biasi, Margherita G. De Gregorio, Eliana Pagliuca, Chiara Colicchio, Roberta Salvatore, Paola Pero, Raffaela |
author_sort | Scudiero, Olga |
collection | PubMed |
description | Staphylococcus aureus is a microorganism capable of causing numerous diseases of the human skin. The incidence of S. aureus skin infections reflects the conflict between the host skin′s immune defenses and the S. aureus’ virulence elements. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are small protein molecules involved in numerous biological activities, playing a very important role in the innate immunity. They constitute the defense of the host′s skin, which prevents harmful microorganisms from entering the epithelial barrier, including S. aureus. However, S. aureus uses ambiguous mechanisms against host defenses by promoting colonization and skin infections. Our review aims to provide a reference collection on host-pathogen interactions in skin disorders, including S. aureus infections and its resistance to methicillin (MRSA). In addition to these, we discuss the involvement of defensins and other innate immunity mediators (i.e., toll receptors, interleukin-1, and interleukin-17), involved in the defense of the host against the skin disorders caused by S. aureus, and then focus on the evasion mechanisms developed by the pathogenic microorganism under analysis. This review provides the “state of the art” on molecular mechanisms underlying S. aureus skin infection and the pharmacological potential of AMPs as a new therapeutic strategy, in order to define alternative directions in the fight against cutaneous disease. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7235756 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-72357562020-05-22 Human Defensins: A Novel Approach in the Fight against Skin Colonizing Staphylococcus aureus Scudiero, Olga Brancaccio, Mariarita Mennitti, Cristina Laneri, Sonia Lombardo, Barbara De Biasi, Margherita G. De Gregorio, Eliana Pagliuca, Chiara Colicchio, Roberta Salvatore, Paola Pero, Raffaela Antibiotics (Basel) Review Staphylococcus aureus is a microorganism capable of causing numerous diseases of the human skin. The incidence of S. aureus skin infections reflects the conflict between the host skin′s immune defenses and the S. aureus’ virulence elements. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are small protein molecules involved in numerous biological activities, playing a very important role in the innate immunity. They constitute the defense of the host′s skin, which prevents harmful microorganisms from entering the epithelial barrier, including S. aureus. However, S. aureus uses ambiguous mechanisms against host defenses by promoting colonization and skin infections. Our review aims to provide a reference collection on host-pathogen interactions in skin disorders, including S. aureus infections and its resistance to methicillin (MRSA). In addition to these, we discuss the involvement of defensins and other innate immunity mediators (i.e., toll receptors, interleukin-1, and interleukin-17), involved in the defense of the host against the skin disorders caused by S. aureus, and then focus on the evasion mechanisms developed by the pathogenic microorganism under analysis. This review provides the “state of the art” on molecular mechanisms underlying S. aureus skin infection and the pharmacological potential of AMPs as a new therapeutic strategy, in order to define alternative directions in the fight against cutaneous disease. MDPI 2020-04-21 /pmc/articles/PMC7235756/ /pubmed/32326312 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9040198 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Scudiero, Olga Brancaccio, Mariarita Mennitti, Cristina Laneri, Sonia Lombardo, Barbara De Biasi, Margherita G. De Gregorio, Eliana Pagliuca, Chiara Colicchio, Roberta Salvatore, Paola Pero, Raffaela Human Defensins: A Novel Approach in the Fight against Skin Colonizing Staphylococcus aureus |
title | Human Defensins: A Novel Approach in the Fight against Skin Colonizing Staphylococcus aureus |
title_full | Human Defensins: A Novel Approach in the Fight against Skin Colonizing Staphylococcus aureus |
title_fullStr | Human Defensins: A Novel Approach in the Fight against Skin Colonizing Staphylococcus aureus |
title_full_unstemmed | Human Defensins: A Novel Approach in the Fight against Skin Colonizing Staphylococcus aureus |
title_short | Human Defensins: A Novel Approach in the Fight against Skin Colonizing Staphylococcus aureus |
title_sort | human defensins: a novel approach in the fight against skin colonizing staphylococcus aureus |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7235756/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32326312 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9040198 |
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