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Thyroid Pathology in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients on Hemodialysis

Objectives: Chronic kidney disease is a rising cause of morbidity and mortality in developed countries, including end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The prevalence of thyroid comorbidities in persons with chronic kidney disease is documented higher than in normal population. The study aims to investiga...

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Autores principales: Cotoi, Laura, Borcan, Florin, Sporea, Ioan, Amzar, Daniela, Schiller, Oana, Schiller, Adalbert, Dehelean, Cristina A., Pop, Gheorghe Nicusor, Borlea, Andreea, Stoian, Dana
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7236006/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32340182
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10040245
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author Cotoi, Laura
Borcan, Florin
Sporea, Ioan
Amzar, Daniela
Schiller, Oana
Schiller, Adalbert
Dehelean, Cristina A.
Pop, Gheorghe Nicusor
Borlea, Andreea
Stoian, Dana
author_facet Cotoi, Laura
Borcan, Florin
Sporea, Ioan
Amzar, Daniela
Schiller, Oana
Schiller, Adalbert
Dehelean, Cristina A.
Pop, Gheorghe Nicusor
Borlea, Andreea
Stoian, Dana
author_sort Cotoi, Laura
collection PubMed
description Objectives: Chronic kidney disease is a rising cause of morbidity and mortality in developed countries, including end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The prevalence of thyroid comorbidities in persons with chronic kidney disease is documented higher than in normal population. The study aims to investigate the prevalence of morphological and functional thyroid disorders in patients with chronic kidney disease, with renal replacement therapy (hemodialysis). Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 123 consecutive patients with chronic kidney disease stage 5, on hemodialysis during a period of one month (May 2019–June 2020). All patients were enrolled for maintenance hemodialysis in B Braun Hemodialysis Center Timisoara and were examined on conventional 2B ultrasound. Thyroid blood tests were done, including serum free thyroxin (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) at the time of starting hemodialysis. Results: We evaluated 123 patients (male to female ratio 70/53) mean age 62.2 ± 11.01, mostly above 65 years old, enrolled in the end-stage renal disease program, on renal replacement therapy. From the cohort, 76/123 presented thyroid disease, including autoimmune hypothyroidism, nodular goiter or thyroid cancer. Among them, 63 patients presented nodular goiter, including 3 thyroid cancers, confirmed by surgery and histopathological result, 22 patients had thyroid autoimmune disease. The serum thyroid-stimulating hormone levels found in the cohort was 3.36 ± 2.313 mUI/mL, which was in the normal laboratory reference range. The thyroid volume was 13 ± 7.18 mL. A single patient in the cohort presented Graves Basedow disease, under treatment and three patients present subclinical hyperthyroidism. We have found that thyroid disease risk is increased by 3.4-fold for the female gender and also the increase of body mass index (BMI) with one unit raises the risk of developing thyroid disease with 1.083 times (p = 0.018). Conclusion: To conclude, this study aimed to quantify the prevalence of thyroid disease in end-stage kidney disease population, especially nodular goiter, important for differential diagnosis in cases with secondary hyperparathyroidism. Thyroid autoimmune disease can be prevalent among these patients, as symptoms can overlap those of chronic disease and decrease the quality of life. We have found that thyroid disease has a high prevalence among patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis. Thyroid goiter and nodules in ESRD patients were more prevalent than in the general population. Clinical surveillance and routine screening for thyroid disorders can improve the quality of life in these patients.
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spelling pubmed-72360062020-05-28 Thyroid Pathology in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients on Hemodialysis Cotoi, Laura Borcan, Florin Sporea, Ioan Amzar, Daniela Schiller, Oana Schiller, Adalbert Dehelean, Cristina A. Pop, Gheorghe Nicusor Borlea, Andreea Stoian, Dana Diagnostics (Basel) Article Objectives: Chronic kidney disease is a rising cause of morbidity and mortality in developed countries, including end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The prevalence of thyroid comorbidities in persons with chronic kidney disease is documented higher than in normal population. The study aims to investigate the prevalence of morphological and functional thyroid disorders in patients with chronic kidney disease, with renal replacement therapy (hemodialysis). Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 123 consecutive patients with chronic kidney disease stage 5, on hemodialysis during a period of one month (May 2019–June 2020). All patients were enrolled for maintenance hemodialysis in B Braun Hemodialysis Center Timisoara and were examined on conventional 2B ultrasound. Thyroid blood tests were done, including serum free thyroxin (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) at the time of starting hemodialysis. Results: We evaluated 123 patients (male to female ratio 70/53) mean age 62.2 ± 11.01, mostly above 65 years old, enrolled in the end-stage renal disease program, on renal replacement therapy. From the cohort, 76/123 presented thyroid disease, including autoimmune hypothyroidism, nodular goiter or thyroid cancer. Among them, 63 patients presented nodular goiter, including 3 thyroid cancers, confirmed by surgery and histopathological result, 22 patients had thyroid autoimmune disease. The serum thyroid-stimulating hormone levels found in the cohort was 3.36 ± 2.313 mUI/mL, which was in the normal laboratory reference range. The thyroid volume was 13 ± 7.18 mL. A single patient in the cohort presented Graves Basedow disease, under treatment and three patients present subclinical hyperthyroidism. We have found that thyroid disease risk is increased by 3.4-fold for the female gender and also the increase of body mass index (BMI) with one unit raises the risk of developing thyroid disease with 1.083 times (p = 0.018). Conclusion: To conclude, this study aimed to quantify the prevalence of thyroid disease in end-stage kidney disease population, especially nodular goiter, important for differential diagnosis in cases with secondary hyperparathyroidism. Thyroid autoimmune disease can be prevalent among these patients, as symptoms can overlap those of chronic disease and decrease the quality of life. We have found that thyroid disease has a high prevalence among patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis. Thyroid goiter and nodules in ESRD patients were more prevalent than in the general population. Clinical surveillance and routine screening for thyroid disorders can improve the quality of life in these patients. MDPI 2020-04-23 /pmc/articles/PMC7236006/ /pubmed/32340182 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10040245 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Cotoi, Laura
Borcan, Florin
Sporea, Ioan
Amzar, Daniela
Schiller, Oana
Schiller, Adalbert
Dehelean, Cristina A.
Pop, Gheorghe Nicusor
Borlea, Andreea
Stoian, Dana
Thyroid Pathology in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients on Hemodialysis
title Thyroid Pathology in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients on Hemodialysis
title_full Thyroid Pathology in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients on Hemodialysis
title_fullStr Thyroid Pathology in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients on Hemodialysis
title_full_unstemmed Thyroid Pathology in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients on Hemodialysis
title_short Thyroid Pathology in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients on Hemodialysis
title_sort thyroid pathology in end-stage renal disease patients on hemodialysis
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7236006/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32340182
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10040245
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