Gene analysis of seven cases of primary immunodeficiency

BACKGROUND: Primary immune deficiency diseases (PID) are a group of potentially serious disorders in which inherited defects in the immune system lead to increased infections. This paper explores the clinical characteristics and pathogenic gene mutation of PID. METHODS: The clinical data, clinical manifestations, and gene sequencing results of seven children were analyzed. RESULTS: Among the seven children, six were male, and one was female, aged from 4 months to 13 years old. All of them had a history of repeated infection and pneumonia. High throughput sequencing (NGS) showed that the BTK gene of case 1 had c.1921c > t mutation; the BTK gene of case 2 had c.906-908del splice site mutation; the BTK gene of case 3 had c.718delg mutation; the cybb gene of case 4 had c.469c > t mutation; the IL2RG gene of case 5 had c.202g > A mutation; the STAT1 gene of case 6 had c.854a > G mutation; the case 7 had c.718delg mutation. There was c.1154c > t mutation in the STAT1 gene. Cases 1, 3, 6 and 7 were new mutations, and cases 2, 4, and 5 were inherited from mothers. CONCLUSIONS: In clinical cases of children with recurrent infection, the immunologic index is abnormal, so we need to be highly aware of the possibility of PID, and timely high-throughput sequencing is helpful for the diagnosis.