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In Vivo Demonstration of the Superior Replication and Infectivity of Genotype 2.1 with Respect to Genotype 3.4 of Classical Swine Fever Virus by Dual Infections

In Taiwan, the prevalent CSFV population has shifted from the historical genotype 3.4 (94.4 strain) to the newly invading genotype 2.1 (TD/96 strain) since 1996. This study analyzed the competition between these two virus genotypes in dual infection pigs with equal and different virus populations an...

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Autores principales: Huang, Yu-Liang, Tsai, Kuo-Jung, Deng, Ming-Chung, Liu, Hsin-Meng, Huang, Chin-Cheng, Wang, Fun-In, Chang, Chia-Yi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7238001/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32260208
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9040261
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author Huang, Yu-Liang
Tsai, Kuo-Jung
Deng, Ming-Chung
Liu, Hsin-Meng
Huang, Chin-Cheng
Wang, Fun-In
Chang, Chia-Yi
author_facet Huang, Yu-Liang
Tsai, Kuo-Jung
Deng, Ming-Chung
Liu, Hsin-Meng
Huang, Chin-Cheng
Wang, Fun-In
Chang, Chia-Yi
author_sort Huang, Yu-Liang
collection PubMed
description In Taiwan, the prevalent CSFV population has shifted from the historical genotype 3.4 (94.4 strain) to the newly invading genotype 2.1 (TD/96 strain) since 1996. This study analyzed the competition between these two virus genotypes in dual infection pigs with equal and different virus populations and with maternally derived neutralizing antibodies induced by a third genotype of modified live vaccine (MLV), to simulate that occurring in natural situations in the field. Experimentally, under various dual infection conditions, with or without the presence of maternal antibodies, with various specimens from blood, oral and fecal swabs, and internal organs at various time points, the TD/96 had consistently 1.51−3.08 log higher loads than those of 94.4. A second passage of competition in the same animals further widened the lead of TD/96 as indicated by viral loads. The maternally derived antibodies provided partial protection to both wild type CSFVs and was correlated with lower clinical scores, febrile reaction, and animal mortality. In the presence of maternal antibodies, pigs could be infected by both wild type CSFVs, with TD/96 dominating. These findings partially explain the CSFV shift observed, furthering our understanding of CSFV pathogenesis in the field, and are helpful for the control of CSF.
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spelling pubmed-72380012020-05-28 In Vivo Demonstration of the Superior Replication and Infectivity of Genotype 2.1 with Respect to Genotype 3.4 of Classical Swine Fever Virus by Dual Infections Huang, Yu-Liang Tsai, Kuo-Jung Deng, Ming-Chung Liu, Hsin-Meng Huang, Chin-Cheng Wang, Fun-In Chang, Chia-Yi Pathogens Article In Taiwan, the prevalent CSFV population has shifted from the historical genotype 3.4 (94.4 strain) to the newly invading genotype 2.1 (TD/96 strain) since 1996. This study analyzed the competition between these two virus genotypes in dual infection pigs with equal and different virus populations and with maternally derived neutralizing antibodies induced by a third genotype of modified live vaccine (MLV), to simulate that occurring in natural situations in the field. Experimentally, under various dual infection conditions, with or without the presence of maternal antibodies, with various specimens from blood, oral and fecal swabs, and internal organs at various time points, the TD/96 had consistently 1.51−3.08 log higher loads than those of 94.4. A second passage of competition in the same animals further widened the lead of TD/96 as indicated by viral loads. The maternally derived antibodies provided partial protection to both wild type CSFVs and was correlated with lower clinical scores, febrile reaction, and animal mortality. In the presence of maternal antibodies, pigs could be infected by both wild type CSFVs, with TD/96 dominating. These findings partially explain the CSFV shift observed, furthering our understanding of CSFV pathogenesis in the field, and are helpful for the control of CSF. MDPI 2020-04-03 /pmc/articles/PMC7238001/ /pubmed/32260208 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9040261 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Huang, Yu-Liang
Tsai, Kuo-Jung
Deng, Ming-Chung
Liu, Hsin-Meng
Huang, Chin-Cheng
Wang, Fun-In
Chang, Chia-Yi
In Vivo Demonstration of the Superior Replication and Infectivity of Genotype 2.1 with Respect to Genotype 3.4 of Classical Swine Fever Virus by Dual Infections
title In Vivo Demonstration of the Superior Replication and Infectivity of Genotype 2.1 with Respect to Genotype 3.4 of Classical Swine Fever Virus by Dual Infections
title_full In Vivo Demonstration of the Superior Replication and Infectivity of Genotype 2.1 with Respect to Genotype 3.4 of Classical Swine Fever Virus by Dual Infections
title_fullStr In Vivo Demonstration of the Superior Replication and Infectivity of Genotype 2.1 with Respect to Genotype 3.4 of Classical Swine Fever Virus by Dual Infections
title_full_unstemmed In Vivo Demonstration of the Superior Replication and Infectivity of Genotype 2.1 with Respect to Genotype 3.4 of Classical Swine Fever Virus by Dual Infections
title_short In Vivo Demonstration of the Superior Replication and Infectivity of Genotype 2.1 with Respect to Genotype 3.4 of Classical Swine Fever Virus by Dual Infections
title_sort in vivo demonstration of the superior replication and infectivity of genotype 2.1 with respect to genotype 3.4 of classical swine fever virus by dual infections
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7238001/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32260208
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9040261
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