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Occurrence of Blastocystis in Patients with Clostridioides difficile Infection

Clostridiodes difficile comprises a public-health threat that has been understudied in Colombia. Hypervirulent strains of C. difficile harbor multiple toxins, can be easily spread, and can have their onset of disease within healthcare facilities (HCFO) and the community (CO). Studies have shown that...

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Autores principales: Vega, Laura, Herrera, Giovanny, Muñoz, Marina, Patarroyo, Manuel Alfonso, Ramírez, Juan David
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7238161/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32295242
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9040283
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author Vega, Laura
Herrera, Giovanny
Muñoz, Marina
Patarroyo, Manuel Alfonso
Ramírez, Juan David
author_facet Vega, Laura
Herrera, Giovanny
Muñoz, Marina
Patarroyo, Manuel Alfonso
Ramírez, Juan David
author_sort Vega, Laura
collection PubMed
description Clostridiodes difficile comprises a public-health threat that has been understudied in Colombia. Hypervirulent strains of C. difficile harbor multiple toxins, can be easily spread, and can have their onset of disease within healthcare facilities (HCFO) and the community (CO). Studies have shown that a disrupted microbiota (e.g., dysbiosis) may allow C. difficile infection (CDI). It has been suggested that dysbiosis prevents colonization by the anaerobic eukaryote Blastocystis, possibly due to an increase in luminal oxygen tension. No study has found co-occurrence of CDI and Blastocystis. Therefore, we aimed to determine the frequencies of C. difficile and Blastocystis infection/colonization in 220 diarrheal fecal samples. Molecular detection by PCR for both microorganisms was performed, with descriptive analyses of four variables (CDI detection, determination of C. difficile toxigenic profiles, Blastocystis detection, and patient site of onset). We demonstrate a significant association between the presence of Blastocystis and CDI, with coinfection found in 61 patients, and show a high frequency of CDI among both HCFO and CO groups. Our results of coinfection frequencies could support hypotheses that suggest Blastocystis can adapt to dysbiosis and oxidative stress. Further, the presence of toxigenic C. difficile occurring outside healthcare facilities shown here raises the alarm for community wide spread.
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spelling pubmed-72381612020-05-28 Occurrence of Blastocystis in Patients with Clostridioides difficile Infection Vega, Laura Herrera, Giovanny Muñoz, Marina Patarroyo, Manuel Alfonso Ramírez, Juan David Pathogens Communication Clostridiodes difficile comprises a public-health threat that has been understudied in Colombia. Hypervirulent strains of C. difficile harbor multiple toxins, can be easily spread, and can have their onset of disease within healthcare facilities (HCFO) and the community (CO). Studies have shown that a disrupted microbiota (e.g., dysbiosis) may allow C. difficile infection (CDI). It has been suggested that dysbiosis prevents colonization by the anaerobic eukaryote Blastocystis, possibly due to an increase in luminal oxygen tension. No study has found co-occurrence of CDI and Blastocystis. Therefore, we aimed to determine the frequencies of C. difficile and Blastocystis infection/colonization in 220 diarrheal fecal samples. Molecular detection by PCR for both microorganisms was performed, with descriptive analyses of four variables (CDI detection, determination of C. difficile toxigenic profiles, Blastocystis detection, and patient site of onset). We demonstrate a significant association between the presence of Blastocystis and CDI, with coinfection found in 61 patients, and show a high frequency of CDI among both HCFO and CO groups. Our results of coinfection frequencies could support hypotheses that suggest Blastocystis can adapt to dysbiosis and oxidative stress. Further, the presence of toxigenic C. difficile occurring outside healthcare facilities shown here raises the alarm for community wide spread. MDPI 2020-04-14 /pmc/articles/PMC7238161/ /pubmed/32295242 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9040283 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Communication
Vega, Laura
Herrera, Giovanny
Muñoz, Marina
Patarroyo, Manuel Alfonso
Ramírez, Juan David
Occurrence of Blastocystis in Patients with Clostridioides difficile Infection
title Occurrence of Blastocystis in Patients with Clostridioides difficile Infection
title_full Occurrence of Blastocystis in Patients with Clostridioides difficile Infection
title_fullStr Occurrence of Blastocystis in Patients with Clostridioides difficile Infection
title_full_unstemmed Occurrence of Blastocystis in Patients with Clostridioides difficile Infection
title_short Occurrence of Blastocystis in Patients with Clostridioides difficile Infection
title_sort occurrence of blastocystis in patients with clostridioides difficile infection
topic Communication
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7238161/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32295242
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9040283
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