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Styrene Oxide Caused Cell Cycle Arrest and Abolished Myogenic Differentiation of C2C12 Myoblasts

Contaminations of chemicals in foods and drinks are raising public concerns. Among these, styrene, a monomer for plastic production, receives increasing interest due to its ability to leach from the packaging and contaminate in foods and drinks causing many health problems. The present study was des...

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Autores principales: Surinlert, Piyaporn, Kongthong, Nitchamon, Watthanard, Mariam, Sae-lao, Thannicha, Sookbangnop, Piyawat, Pholpramool, Chumpol, Tipbunjong, Chittipong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7238348/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32454818
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1807126
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author Surinlert, Piyaporn
Kongthong, Nitchamon
Watthanard, Mariam
Sae-lao, Thannicha
Sookbangnop, Piyawat
Pholpramool, Chumpol
Tipbunjong, Chittipong
author_facet Surinlert, Piyaporn
Kongthong, Nitchamon
Watthanard, Mariam
Sae-lao, Thannicha
Sookbangnop, Piyawat
Pholpramool, Chumpol
Tipbunjong, Chittipong
author_sort Surinlert, Piyaporn
collection PubMed
description Contaminations of chemicals in foods and drinks are raising public concerns. Among these, styrene, a monomer for plastic production, receives increasing interest due to its ability to leach from the packaging and contaminate in foods and drinks causing many health problems. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of styrene monomer (STR) and its metabolite styrene oxide (STO) on C2C12 myoblast proliferation and differentiation. Based on an MTT assay, both STR and STO showed no cytotoxic effect at 10–100 μM. However, at 50–100 μM STO, but not STR, significantly inhibited cell proliferation. The STO-treated cells were accumulated in S-phase of cell cycles as revealed by flow cytometry. The antioxidant enzyme (catalase and superoxide dismutase) activities and the gene expressing these enzymes of the arrested cells were decreased and ultimately led to nuclear condensation and expression of apoptotic markers such as cleaved caspase-3 and-9, but not cleaved caspase-8. In addition, STO significantly suppressed myogenic differentiation by decreasing both the number and size of differentiated myotubes. Biochemical analysis showed attenuations of total protein synthesis and myosin heavy chain (MHC) protein expression. In conclusion, a metabolite of styrene, STO, leached from plastic packaging of foods and beverages suppressed both myoblast proliferation and differentiation, which would affect skeletal muscle development and regeneration.
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spelling pubmed-72383482020-05-23 Styrene Oxide Caused Cell Cycle Arrest and Abolished Myogenic Differentiation of C2C12 Myoblasts Surinlert, Piyaporn Kongthong, Nitchamon Watthanard, Mariam Sae-lao, Thannicha Sookbangnop, Piyawat Pholpramool, Chumpol Tipbunjong, Chittipong J Toxicol Research Article Contaminations of chemicals in foods and drinks are raising public concerns. Among these, styrene, a monomer for plastic production, receives increasing interest due to its ability to leach from the packaging and contaminate in foods and drinks causing many health problems. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of styrene monomer (STR) and its metabolite styrene oxide (STO) on C2C12 myoblast proliferation and differentiation. Based on an MTT assay, both STR and STO showed no cytotoxic effect at 10–100 μM. However, at 50–100 μM STO, but not STR, significantly inhibited cell proliferation. The STO-treated cells were accumulated in S-phase of cell cycles as revealed by flow cytometry. The antioxidant enzyme (catalase and superoxide dismutase) activities and the gene expressing these enzymes of the arrested cells were decreased and ultimately led to nuclear condensation and expression of apoptotic markers such as cleaved caspase-3 and-9, but not cleaved caspase-8. In addition, STO significantly suppressed myogenic differentiation by decreasing both the number and size of differentiated myotubes. Biochemical analysis showed attenuations of total protein synthesis and myosin heavy chain (MHC) protein expression. In conclusion, a metabolite of styrene, STO, leached from plastic packaging of foods and beverages suppressed both myoblast proliferation and differentiation, which would affect skeletal muscle development and regeneration. Hindawi 2020-05-11 /pmc/articles/PMC7238348/ /pubmed/32454818 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1807126 Text en Copyright © 2020 Piyaporn Surinlert et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Surinlert, Piyaporn
Kongthong, Nitchamon
Watthanard, Mariam
Sae-lao, Thannicha
Sookbangnop, Piyawat
Pholpramool, Chumpol
Tipbunjong, Chittipong
Styrene Oxide Caused Cell Cycle Arrest and Abolished Myogenic Differentiation of C2C12 Myoblasts
title Styrene Oxide Caused Cell Cycle Arrest and Abolished Myogenic Differentiation of C2C12 Myoblasts
title_full Styrene Oxide Caused Cell Cycle Arrest and Abolished Myogenic Differentiation of C2C12 Myoblasts
title_fullStr Styrene Oxide Caused Cell Cycle Arrest and Abolished Myogenic Differentiation of C2C12 Myoblasts
title_full_unstemmed Styrene Oxide Caused Cell Cycle Arrest and Abolished Myogenic Differentiation of C2C12 Myoblasts
title_short Styrene Oxide Caused Cell Cycle Arrest and Abolished Myogenic Differentiation of C2C12 Myoblasts
title_sort styrene oxide caused cell cycle arrest and abolished myogenic differentiation of c2c12 myoblasts
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7238348/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32454818
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1807126
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