Endolymphatic exclusion for the treatment of pediatric chylous ascites secondary to neuroblastoma resection: report of two cases

Chylous ascites is a rare, but highly morbid complication of oncologic resection, often associated with retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy. Conservative measures with total parenteral nutrition or lipid-reduced formulas constitute the initial mainstay therapy, but not without risks and failures. This report describes 2 endolymphatic treatment strategies for iatrogenic chylous ascites following neuroblastoma resection. Lymphatic leaks were identified using intranodal lymphangiography, targeted with cone-beam computed tomographic guidance, and embolized with n-butyl cyanoacrylate. There were no adverse outcomes, with complete resolution of chylous ascites and a mean follow-up of 26 months.