Effect of Serum Netrin-1 Levels on Diagnosis and Prognosis in Patients Admitted to the Emergency Service for Acute Coronary Syndrome

Background Netrin-1 is a recently discovered diagnostic biomarker that indicates atherosclerosis, angiogenesis, and ischemia-reperfusion damage. There are no human studies about Netrin-1 in acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The purpose of the present study was to investigate Netrin-1 levels in the early diagnosis and successful reperfusion of ACS. Method The study was conducted with 188 patients diagnosed with ACS and 50 healthy subjects at the emergency unit in a prospective design. Blood samples were collected from the patient group at initial admission and after angiography. The control group consisted of healthy adult subjects without any disease. Netrin-1 levels were studied in both groups. Results The Netrin-1 levels of the patient group at the time of admission were found to be higher than of the control group (p<0.001). In the patient group, netrin-1 levels measured at initial admission (1.53±0.19) and after angiography (1.49±0.19) were determined to be statistically significant (p:0.049). In the patient group, where the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) 3 flow was established after angiography, netrin-1 levels were detected to be low (p:0.039). Netrin-1 levels obtained at the time of admission were determined to be significantly different in the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) moderate and high-risk groups in comparison to the low-risk group (p:0.017). Conclusion Netrin-1 was shown to increase in the early diagnosis of ACS and to decrease in patients for whom reperfusion was established after angiography. Therefore, Netrin-1 can be an important biomarker as an indicator of diagnosis and successful reperfusion in ACS.