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Infectious laryngotracheitis: Etiology, epidemiology, pathobiology, and advances in diagnosis and control – a comprehensive review

Infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) is a highly contagious upper respiratory tract disease of chicken caused by a Gallid herpesvirus 1 (GaHV-1) belonging to the genus Iltovirus, and subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae within Herpesviridae family. The disease is characterized by conjunctivitis, sinusitis, oc...

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Autores principales: Gowthaman, Vasudevan, Kumar, Sachin, Koul, Monika, Dave, Urmil, Murthy, T. R. Gopala Krishna, Munuswamy, Palanivelu, Tiwari, Ruchi, Karthik, Kumaragurubaran, Dhama, Kuldeep, Michalak, Izabela, Joshi, Sunil K.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Taylor & Francis 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7241549/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32315579
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01652176.2020.1759845
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author Gowthaman, Vasudevan
Kumar, Sachin
Koul, Monika
Dave, Urmil
Murthy, T. R. Gopala Krishna
Munuswamy, Palanivelu
Tiwari, Ruchi
Karthik, Kumaragurubaran
Dhama, Kuldeep
Michalak, Izabela
Joshi, Sunil K.
author_facet Gowthaman, Vasudevan
Kumar, Sachin
Koul, Monika
Dave, Urmil
Murthy, T. R. Gopala Krishna
Munuswamy, Palanivelu
Tiwari, Ruchi
Karthik, Kumaragurubaran
Dhama, Kuldeep
Michalak, Izabela
Joshi, Sunil K.
author_sort Gowthaman, Vasudevan
collection PubMed
description Infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) is a highly contagious upper respiratory tract disease of chicken caused by a Gallid herpesvirus 1 (GaHV-1) belonging to the genus Iltovirus, and subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae within Herpesviridae family. The disease is characterized by conjunctivitis, sinusitis, oculo-nasal discharge, respiratory distress, bloody mucus, swollen orbital sinuses, high morbidity, considerable mortality and decreased egg production. It is well established in highly dense poultry producing areas of the world due to characteristic latency and carrier status of the virus. Co-infections with other respiratory pathogens and environmental factors adversely affect the respiratory system and prolong the course of the disease. Latently infected chickens are the primary source of ILT virus (ILTV) outbreaks irrespective of vaccination. Apart from conventional diagnostic methods including isolation and identification of ILTV, serological detection, advanced biotechnological tools such as PCR, quantitative real-time PCR, next generation sequencing, and others are being used in accurate diagnosis and epidemiological studies of ILTV. Vaccination is followed with the use of conventional vaccines including modified live attenuated ILTV vaccines, and advanced recombinant vector vaccines expressing different ILTV glycoproteins, but still these candidates frequently fail to reduce challenge virus shedding. Some herbal components have proved to be beneficial in reducing the severity of the clinical disease. The present review discusses ILT with respect to its current status, virus characteristics, epidemiology, transmission, pathobiology, and advances in diagnosis, vaccination and control strategies to counter this important disease of poultry.
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spelling pubmed-72415492020-06-01 Infectious laryngotracheitis: Etiology, epidemiology, pathobiology, and advances in diagnosis and control – a comprehensive review Gowthaman, Vasudevan Kumar, Sachin Koul, Monika Dave, Urmil Murthy, T. R. Gopala Krishna Munuswamy, Palanivelu Tiwari, Ruchi Karthik, Kumaragurubaran Dhama, Kuldeep Michalak, Izabela Joshi, Sunil K. Vet Q Review Infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) is a highly contagious upper respiratory tract disease of chicken caused by a Gallid herpesvirus 1 (GaHV-1) belonging to the genus Iltovirus, and subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae within Herpesviridae family. The disease is characterized by conjunctivitis, sinusitis, oculo-nasal discharge, respiratory distress, bloody mucus, swollen orbital sinuses, high morbidity, considerable mortality and decreased egg production. It is well established in highly dense poultry producing areas of the world due to characteristic latency and carrier status of the virus. Co-infections with other respiratory pathogens and environmental factors adversely affect the respiratory system and prolong the course of the disease. Latently infected chickens are the primary source of ILT virus (ILTV) outbreaks irrespective of vaccination. Apart from conventional diagnostic methods including isolation and identification of ILTV, serological detection, advanced biotechnological tools such as PCR, quantitative real-time PCR, next generation sequencing, and others are being used in accurate diagnosis and epidemiological studies of ILTV. Vaccination is followed with the use of conventional vaccines including modified live attenuated ILTV vaccines, and advanced recombinant vector vaccines expressing different ILTV glycoproteins, but still these candidates frequently fail to reduce challenge virus shedding. Some herbal components have proved to be beneficial in reducing the severity of the clinical disease. The present review discusses ILT with respect to its current status, virus characteristics, epidemiology, transmission, pathobiology, and advances in diagnosis, vaccination and control strategies to counter this important disease of poultry. Taylor & Francis 2020-05-04 /pmc/articles/PMC7241549/ /pubmed/32315579 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01652176.2020.1759845 Text en © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review
Gowthaman, Vasudevan
Kumar, Sachin
Koul, Monika
Dave, Urmil
Murthy, T. R. Gopala Krishna
Munuswamy, Palanivelu
Tiwari, Ruchi
Karthik, Kumaragurubaran
Dhama, Kuldeep
Michalak, Izabela
Joshi, Sunil K.
Infectious laryngotracheitis: Etiology, epidemiology, pathobiology, and advances in diagnosis and control – a comprehensive review
title Infectious laryngotracheitis: Etiology, epidemiology, pathobiology, and advances in diagnosis and control – a comprehensive review
title_full Infectious laryngotracheitis: Etiology, epidemiology, pathobiology, and advances in diagnosis and control – a comprehensive review
title_fullStr Infectious laryngotracheitis: Etiology, epidemiology, pathobiology, and advances in diagnosis and control – a comprehensive review
title_full_unstemmed Infectious laryngotracheitis: Etiology, epidemiology, pathobiology, and advances in diagnosis and control – a comprehensive review
title_short Infectious laryngotracheitis: Etiology, epidemiology, pathobiology, and advances in diagnosis and control – a comprehensive review
title_sort infectious laryngotracheitis: etiology, epidemiology, pathobiology, and advances in diagnosis and control – a comprehensive review
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7241549/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32315579
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01652176.2020.1759845
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