The Next Generation Robotic Microscopy for Intraoperative Teleneuropathology Consultation

INTRODUCTION: Teleneuropathology at our institution evolved over the last 17 years from using static to dynamic robotic microscopy. Historically (2003–2007), using older technology, the deferral rate was 19.7%, and the concordance was 81% with the final diagnosis. Two years ago, we switched to use hybrid robotic devices to perform these intraoperative (IO) consultations because our older devices were obsolete. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact this change had on our deferral and concordance rates with teleneuropathology using this newer instrument. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Aperio LV1 4-slide capacity hybrid robotic scanners with an attached desktop console (Leica Biosystems, Vista, CA, USA) and GoToAssist (v4.5.0.1620, Boston, MA, USA) were used for IO telepathology cases. A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted comparing teleneuropathology from three remote hospitals (193 cases) to IO neuropathology consultation performed by conventional glass slide examination at a light microscope (310 cases) from the host hospital. Deferral and concordance rates were compared to final histopathological diagnoses. RESULTS: The deferral rate for IO teleneuropathology was 26% and conventional glass slide 24.24% (P = 0.58). The concordance rate for teleneuropathology was 93.94%, which was slightly higher than 89.09% for conventional glass slides (P = 0.047). CONCLUSION: The new hybrid robotic device for performing IO teleneuropathology interpretations at our institution was as effective as conventional glass slide interpretation. While we did observe a noticeable change in the deferral rate compared to prior years, we did appreciate the marked improvement of the concordance rate using this new hybrid scanner.