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Molecular Sex Identification in the Hardy Rubber Tree (Eucommia ulmoides Oliver) via ddRAD Markers

Eucommia ulmoides, also known as the industrially and medicinally important hardy rubber tree, is the sole species of Eucommiaceae. Nevertheless, its dioecious property hinders sex recognition by traditional morphological observation at very early developmental stages, thus inhibiting breeding and e...

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Autores principales: Wang, Wencai, Yang, Guoqian, Deng, Xin, Shao, Fengqing, Li, Yongquan, Guo, Wei, Liang, Hong, Zhang, Xianzhi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7246395/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32509842
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2420976
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author Wang, Wencai
Yang, Guoqian
Deng, Xin
Shao, Fengqing
Li, Yongquan
Guo, Wei
Liang, Hong
Zhang, Xianzhi
author_facet Wang, Wencai
Yang, Guoqian
Deng, Xin
Shao, Fengqing
Li, Yongquan
Guo, Wei
Liang, Hong
Zhang, Xianzhi
author_sort Wang, Wencai
collection PubMed
description Eucommia ulmoides, also known as the industrially and medicinally important hardy rubber tree, is the sole species of Eucommiaceae. Nevertheless, its dioecious property hinders sex recognition by traditional morphological observation at very early developmental stages, thus inhibiting breeding and economic cropping. In this study, double-digest restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (ddRAD-seq) was applied to screen sex-linked molecular markers for sex identification and investigation of the sex determination system in 20 male and female E. ulmoides individual plants, respectively. In consequence, five candidate male-specific loci but no female-specific loci were predicated among the 183,752 male and 147,122 female catalogue loci by bioinformatics analysis. Subsequent PCR (polymerase chain reaction) amplification and Sanger sequencing examinations were performed on another 24 individuals, 12 for each sex, from a separate population. One ideal sex-linked locus, MSL4, was identified among the five putative male-specific loci that were found using ddRAD data. MSL4 is 479 bp in length and highly conserved in all the male individuals, suggesting its feature of being stable and repeatable. Our results also indicated that the sex of E. ulmoides is likely determined genetically. In short, this study provides a consistent and reproducible ddRAD marker (MSL4) that is able to discriminate male from female seedlings in E. ulmoides, which will be valuable for rapid breeding practice and better commercial production of this economically important tree.
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spelling pubmed-72463952020-06-06 Molecular Sex Identification in the Hardy Rubber Tree (Eucommia ulmoides Oliver) via ddRAD Markers Wang, Wencai Yang, Guoqian Deng, Xin Shao, Fengqing Li, Yongquan Guo, Wei Liang, Hong Zhang, Xianzhi Int J Genomics Research Article Eucommia ulmoides, also known as the industrially and medicinally important hardy rubber tree, is the sole species of Eucommiaceae. Nevertheless, its dioecious property hinders sex recognition by traditional morphological observation at very early developmental stages, thus inhibiting breeding and economic cropping. In this study, double-digest restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (ddRAD-seq) was applied to screen sex-linked molecular markers for sex identification and investigation of the sex determination system in 20 male and female E. ulmoides individual plants, respectively. In consequence, five candidate male-specific loci but no female-specific loci were predicated among the 183,752 male and 147,122 female catalogue loci by bioinformatics analysis. Subsequent PCR (polymerase chain reaction) amplification and Sanger sequencing examinations were performed on another 24 individuals, 12 for each sex, from a separate population. One ideal sex-linked locus, MSL4, was identified among the five putative male-specific loci that were found using ddRAD data. MSL4 is 479 bp in length and highly conserved in all the male individuals, suggesting its feature of being stable and repeatable. Our results also indicated that the sex of E. ulmoides is likely determined genetically. In short, this study provides a consistent and reproducible ddRAD marker (MSL4) that is able to discriminate male from female seedlings in E. ulmoides, which will be valuable for rapid breeding practice and better commercial production of this economically important tree. Hindawi 2020-05-16 /pmc/articles/PMC7246395/ /pubmed/32509842 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2420976 Text en Copyright © 2020 Wencai Wang et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Wang, Wencai
Yang, Guoqian
Deng, Xin
Shao, Fengqing
Li, Yongquan
Guo, Wei
Liang, Hong
Zhang, Xianzhi
Molecular Sex Identification in the Hardy Rubber Tree (Eucommia ulmoides Oliver) via ddRAD Markers
title Molecular Sex Identification in the Hardy Rubber Tree (Eucommia ulmoides Oliver) via ddRAD Markers
title_full Molecular Sex Identification in the Hardy Rubber Tree (Eucommia ulmoides Oliver) via ddRAD Markers
title_fullStr Molecular Sex Identification in the Hardy Rubber Tree (Eucommia ulmoides Oliver) via ddRAD Markers
title_full_unstemmed Molecular Sex Identification in the Hardy Rubber Tree (Eucommia ulmoides Oliver) via ddRAD Markers
title_short Molecular Sex Identification in the Hardy Rubber Tree (Eucommia ulmoides Oliver) via ddRAD Markers
title_sort molecular sex identification in the hardy rubber tree (eucommia ulmoides oliver) via ddrad markers
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7246395/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32509842
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2420976
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