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Ten years of spasers and plasmonic nanolasers
Ten years ago, three teams experimentally demonstrated the first spasers, or plasmonic nanolasers, after the spaser concept was first proposed theoretically in 2003. An overview of the significant progress achieved over the last 10 years is presented here, together with the original context of and m...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7248101/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32509297 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41377-020-0319-7 |
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author | Azzam, Shaimaa I. Kildishev, Alexander V. Ma, Ren-Min Ning, Cun-Zheng Oulton, Rupert Shalaev, Vladimir M. Stockman, Mark I. Xu, Jia-Lu Zhang, Xiang |
author_facet | Azzam, Shaimaa I. Kildishev, Alexander V. Ma, Ren-Min Ning, Cun-Zheng Oulton, Rupert Shalaev, Vladimir M. Stockman, Mark I. Xu, Jia-Lu Zhang, Xiang |
author_sort | Azzam, Shaimaa I. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Ten years ago, three teams experimentally demonstrated the first spasers, or plasmonic nanolasers, after the spaser concept was first proposed theoretically in 2003. An overview of the significant progress achieved over the last 10 years is presented here, together with the original context of and motivations for this research. After a general introduction, we first summarize the fundamental properties of spasers and discuss the major motivations that led to the first demonstrations of spasers and nanolasers. This is followed by an overview of crucial technological progress, including lasing threshold reduction, dynamic modulation, room-temperature operation, electrical injection, the control and improvement of spasers, the array operation of spasers, and selected applications of single-particle spasers. Research prospects are presented in relation to several directions of development, including further miniaturization, the relationship with Bose–Einstein condensation, novel spaser-based interconnects, and other features of spasers and plasmonic lasers that have yet to be realized or challenges that are still to be overcome. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7248101 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-72481012020-06-04 Ten years of spasers and plasmonic nanolasers Azzam, Shaimaa I. Kildishev, Alexander V. Ma, Ren-Min Ning, Cun-Zheng Oulton, Rupert Shalaev, Vladimir M. Stockman, Mark I. Xu, Jia-Lu Zhang, Xiang Light Sci Appl Historical Review Ten years ago, three teams experimentally demonstrated the first spasers, or plasmonic nanolasers, after the spaser concept was first proposed theoretically in 2003. An overview of the significant progress achieved over the last 10 years is presented here, together with the original context of and motivations for this research. After a general introduction, we first summarize the fundamental properties of spasers and discuss the major motivations that led to the first demonstrations of spasers and nanolasers. This is followed by an overview of crucial technological progress, including lasing threshold reduction, dynamic modulation, room-temperature operation, electrical injection, the control and improvement of spasers, the array operation of spasers, and selected applications of single-particle spasers. Research prospects are presented in relation to several directions of development, including further miniaturization, the relationship with Bose–Einstein condensation, novel spaser-based interconnects, and other features of spasers and plasmonic lasers that have yet to be realized or challenges that are still to be overcome. Nature Publishing Group UK 2020-05-25 /pmc/articles/PMC7248101/ /pubmed/32509297 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41377-020-0319-7 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Historical Review Azzam, Shaimaa I. Kildishev, Alexander V. Ma, Ren-Min Ning, Cun-Zheng Oulton, Rupert Shalaev, Vladimir M. Stockman, Mark I. Xu, Jia-Lu Zhang, Xiang Ten years of spasers and plasmonic nanolasers |
title | Ten years of spasers and plasmonic nanolasers |
title_full | Ten years of spasers and plasmonic nanolasers |
title_fullStr | Ten years of spasers and plasmonic nanolasers |
title_full_unstemmed | Ten years of spasers and plasmonic nanolasers |
title_short | Ten years of spasers and plasmonic nanolasers |
title_sort | ten years of spasers and plasmonic nanolasers |
topic | Historical Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7248101/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32509297 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41377-020-0319-7 |
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