Energetic Performance of Pure Silica Zeolites under High-Pressure Intrusion of LiCl Aqueous Solutions: An Overview

An overview of all the studies on high-pressure intrusion—extrusion of LiCl aqueous solutions in hydrophobic pure silica zeolites (zeosils) for absorption and storage of mechanical energy is presented. Operational principles of heterogeneous lyophobic systems and their possible applications in the domains of mechanical energy storage, absorption, and generation are described. The intrusion of LiCl aqueous solutions instead of water allows to considerably increase energetic performance of zeosil-based systems by a strong rise of intrusion pressure. The intrusion pressure increases with the salt concentration and depends considerably on zeosil framework. In the case of channel-type zeosils, it rises with the decrease of pore opening diameter, whereas for cage-type ones, no clear trend is observed. A relative increase of intrusion pressure in comparison with water is particularly strong for the zeosils with narrow pore openings. The use of highly concentrated LiCl aqueous solutions instead of water can lead to a change of system behavior. This effect seems to be related to a lower formation of silanol defects under intrusion of solvated ions and a weaker interaction of the ions with silanol groups of zeosil framework. The influence of zeosil nanostructure on LiCl aqueous solutions intrusion–extrusion is also discussed.