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Effects of Exercise Training on Renal Carnitine Biosynthesis and Uptake in the High-Fat and High-Sugar-Fed Mouse

(1) Background: Diet-induced obesity inhibits hepatic carnitine biosynthesis. Herein, the effects of high-fat (HF) and high-sugar (HFHS) feeding and exercise training (ET) on renal carnitine biosynthesis and uptake were determined. (2) Methods: Male C57BL/6J mice were assigned to the following group...

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Autores principales: Upadhyay, Aman, Al-Nakkash, Layla, Broderick, Tom L.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7248909/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32365864
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25092100
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author Upadhyay, Aman
Al-Nakkash, Layla
Broderick, Tom L.
author_facet Upadhyay, Aman
Al-Nakkash, Layla
Broderick, Tom L.
author_sort Upadhyay, Aman
collection PubMed
description (1) Background: Diet-induced obesity inhibits hepatic carnitine biosynthesis. Herein, the effects of high-fat (HF) and high-sugar (HFHS) feeding and exercise training (ET) on renal carnitine biosynthesis and uptake were determined. (2) Methods: Male C57BL/6J mice were assigned to the following groups: lean control (standard chow), HFHS diet, and HFHS diet with ET. ET consisted of 150 min of treadmill running per week for 12 weeks. Protein levels of γ-butyrobetaine hydroxylase (γ-BBH) and organic cation transporter-2 (OCTN2) were measured as markers of biosynthesis and uptake, respectively. (3) Results: HFHS feeding induced an obese diabetic state with accompanying hypocarnitinemia, reflected by decreased free carnitine levels in plasma and kidney. This hypocarnitinemia was associated with decreased γ-BBH (~30%) and increased OCTN2 levels (~50%). ET failed to improve the obesity and hyperglycemia, but improved insulin levels and prevented the hypocarnitinemia. ET increased protein levels of γ-BBH, whereas levels of OCTN2 were decreased. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha content was not changed by the HFHS diet or ET. (4) Conclusions: Our results indicate that ET prevents the hypocarnitinemia induced by HFHS feeding by increasing carnitine biosynthesis in kidney. Increased expression of OCTN2 with HFHS feeding suggests that renal uptake was stimulated to prevent carnitine loss.
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spelling pubmed-72489092020-06-10 Effects of Exercise Training on Renal Carnitine Biosynthesis and Uptake in the High-Fat and High-Sugar-Fed Mouse Upadhyay, Aman Al-Nakkash, Layla Broderick, Tom L. Molecules Brief Report (1) Background: Diet-induced obesity inhibits hepatic carnitine biosynthesis. Herein, the effects of high-fat (HF) and high-sugar (HFHS) feeding and exercise training (ET) on renal carnitine biosynthesis and uptake were determined. (2) Methods: Male C57BL/6J mice were assigned to the following groups: lean control (standard chow), HFHS diet, and HFHS diet with ET. ET consisted of 150 min of treadmill running per week for 12 weeks. Protein levels of γ-butyrobetaine hydroxylase (γ-BBH) and organic cation transporter-2 (OCTN2) were measured as markers of biosynthesis and uptake, respectively. (3) Results: HFHS feeding induced an obese diabetic state with accompanying hypocarnitinemia, reflected by decreased free carnitine levels in plasma and kidney. This hypocarnitinemia was associated with decreased γ-BBH (~30%) and increased OCTN2 levels (~50%). ET failed to improve the obesity and hyperglycemia, but improved insulin levels and prevented the hypocarnitinemia. ET increased protein levels of γ-BBH, whereas levels of OCTN2 were decreased. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha content was not changed by the HFHS diet or ET. (4) Conclusions: Our results indicate that ET prevents the hypocarnitinemia induced by HFHS feeding by increasing carnitine biosynthesis in kidney. Increased expression of OCTN2 with HFHS feeding suggests that renal uptake was stimulated to prevent carnitine loss. MDPI 2020-04-30 /pmc/articles/PMC7248909/ /pubmed/32365864 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25092100 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Brief Report
Upadhyay, Aman
Al-Nakkash, Layla
Broderick, Tom L.
Effects of Exercise Training on Renal Carnitine Biosynthesis and Uptake in the High-Fat and High-Sugar-Fed Mouse
title Effects of Exercise Training on Renal Carnitine Biosynthesis and Uptake in the High-Fat and High-Sugar-Fed Mouse
title_full Effects of Exercise Training on Renal Carnitine Biosynthesis and Uptake in the High-Fat and High-Sugar-Fed Mouse
title_fullStr Effects of Exercise Training on Renal Carnitine Biosynthesis and Uptake in the High-Fat and High-Sugar-Fed Mouse
title_full_unstemmed Effects of Exercise Training on Renal Carnitine Biosynthesis and Uptake in the High-Fat and High-Sugar-Fed Mouse
title_short Effects of Exercise Training on Renal Carnitine Biosynthesis and Uptake in the High-Fat and High-Sugar-Fed Mouse
title_sort effects of exercise training on renal carnitine biosynthesis and uptake in the high-fat and high-sugar-fed mouse
topic Brief Report
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7248909/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32365864
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25092100
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