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Heterogeneity and Polygenicity in Psychiatric Disorders: A Genome-Wide Perspective

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been performed for many psychiatric disorders and revealed a complex polygenic architecture linking mental and physical health phenotypes. Psychiatric diagnoses are often heterogeneous, and several layers of trait heterogeneity may contribute to detection...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Wendt, Frank R., Pathak, Gita A., Tylee, Daniel S., Goswami, Aranyak, Polimanti, Renato
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: SAGE Publications 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7254587/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32518889
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2470547020924844
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author Wendt, Frank R.
Pathak, Gita A.
Tylee, Daniel S.
Goswami, Aranyak
Polimanti, Renato
author_facet Wendt, Frank R.
Pathak, Gita A.
Tylee, Daniel S.
Goswami, Aranyak
Polimanti, Renato
author_sort Wendt, Frank R.
collection PubMed
description Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been performed for many psychiatric disorders and revealed a complex polygenic architecture linking mental and physical health phenotypes. Psychiatric diagnoses are often heterogeneous, and several layers of trait heterogeneity may contribute to detection of genetic risks per disorder or across multiple disorders. In this review, we discuss these heterogeneities and their consequences on the discovery of risk loci using large-scale genetic data. We primarily highlight the ways in which sex and diagnostic complexity contribute to risk locus discovery in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, major depressive disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, Tourette’s syndrome and chronic tic disorder, anxiety disorders, suicidality, feeding and eating disorders, and substance use disorders. Genetic data also have facilitated discovery of clinically relevant subphenotypes also described here. Collectively, GWAS of psychiatric disorders revealed that the understanding of heterogeneity, polygenicity, and pleiotropy is critical to translate genetic findings into treatment strategies.
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spelling pubmed-72545872020-06-08 Heterogeneity and Polygenicity in Psychiatric Disorders: A Genome-Wide Perspective Wendt, Frank R. Pathak, Gita A. Tylee, Daniel S. Goswami, Aranyak Polimanti, Renato Chronic Stress (Thousand Oaks) Review Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been performed for many psychiatric disorders and revealed a complex polygenic architecture linking mental and physical health phenotypes. Psychiatric diagnoses are often heterogeneous, and several layers of trait heterogeneity may contribute to detection of genetic risks per disorder or across multiple disorders. In this review, we discuss these heterogeneities and their consequences on the discovery of risk loci using large-scale genetic data. We primarily highlight the ways in which sex and diagnostic complexity contribute to risk locus discovery in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, major depressive disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, Tourette’s syndrome and chronic tic disorder, anxiety disorders, suicidality, feeding and eating disorders, and substance use disorders. Genetic data also have facilitated discovery of clinically relevant subphenotypes also described here. Collectively, GWAS of psychiatric disorders revealed that the understanding of heterogeneity, polygenicity, and pleiotropy is critical to translate genetic findings into treatment strategies. SAGE Publications 2020-05-18 /pmc/articles/PMC7254587/ /pubmed/32518889 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2470547020924844 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Creative Commons CC BY: This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits any use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
spellingShingle Review
Wendt, Frank R.
Pathak, Gita A.
Tylee, Daniel S.
Goswami, Aranyak
Polimanti, Renato
Heterogeneity and Polygenicity in Psychiatric Disorders: A Genome-Wide Perspective
title Heterogeneity and Polygenicity in Psychiatric Disorders: A Genome-Wide Perspective
title_full Heterogeneity and Polygenicity in Psychiatric Disorders: A Genome-Wide Perspective
title_fullStr Heterogeneity and Polygenicity in Psychiatric Disorders: A Genome-Wide Perspective
title_full_unstemmed Heterogeneity and Polygenicity in Psychiatric Disorders: A Genome-Wide Perspective
title_short Heterogeneity and Polygenicity in Psychiatric Disorders: A Genome-Wide Perspective
title_sort heterogeneity and polygenicity in psychiatric disorders: a genome-wide perspective
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7254587/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32518889
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2470547020924844
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