Effect of education based on “PRECEDE” model on self-care behavior in hemodialysis patients

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Patients undergoing hemodialysis due to multiple drug therapies, special diet plans, and need to acquire the ability to adapt to physical and mental disabilities require special monitoring. The PRECEDE-PROCEED model is a process for behavior change and can lead to the promotion of self-care behavior. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a health promotion program based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED model on self-care behaviors in hemodialysis patients. METHODS: This was a clinical trial study that was performed on 67 patients undergoing hemodialysis in Lordegan Hospital that has been distributed in two groups randomly. Data were collected using self-care assessment form according to the PRECEDE-PROCEED model. Based on the results of this questionnaire, five educational sessions were held in the fields of knowledge, attitude, enabling factors, reinforcement, and behavioral factors for the samples. Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics with SPSS version 21 software. RESULTS: According to statistical analysis before intervention, no significant difference was observed between the mean scores of self-care among the two groups. However, instantly and 3 months after intervention, the mean score of self-care (P = 0/03), knowledge, attitude, reinforcement factors, and behavioral factors (P < 0.05) significantly increased in the experimental group. CONCLUSION: Based on the results of this study PRECEDE-PROCESS model, the health promotion program increased the mean self-care score of hemodialysis patients. This program has been able to improve their self-care behaviors by changing knowledge, attitudes, and reinforcement and behavioral factors of patients and is recommending as an application in the nursing of these patients.