Cargando…
The Zmat2 gene in non-mammalian vertebrates: Organizational simplicity within a divergent locus in fish
ZMAT2 is among the least-studied of mammalian proteins and genes, even though it is the ortholog of Snu23, a protein involved in pre-mRNA splicing in yeast. Here we have used data from genomic and gene expression repositories to examine the Zmat2 gene and locus in 8 terrestrial vertebrates, 10 ray-f...
Autor principal: | |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2020
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7255616/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32463827 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0233081 |
_version_ | 1783539763938066432 |
---|---|
author | Rotwein, Peter |
author_facet | Rotwein, Peter |
author_sort | Rotwein, Peter |
collection | PubMed |
description | ZMAT2 is among the least-studied of mammalian proteins and genes, even though it is the ortholog of Snu23, a protein involved in pre-mRNA splicing in yeast. Here we have used data from genomic and gene expression repositories to examine the Zmat2 gene and locus in 8 terrestrial vertebrates, 10 ray-finned fish, and 1 lobe-finned fish representing > 500 million years of evolutionary diversification. The analyses revealed that vertebrate Zmat2 genes are similar to their mammalian counterparts, as in 16/19 species studied they contain 6 exons, and in 18/19 encode a single conserved protein. However, unlike in mammals, no Zmat2 pseudogenes were identified in these vertebrates, although an expressed Zmat2 paralog was characterized in flycatcher that resembled a DNA copy of a processed and retro-transposed mRNA, and thus could be a proto-pseudogene captured during its evolutionary journey from active to inert. The Zmat2 locus in terrestrial vertebrates, and in spotted gar and coelacanth, also shares additional genes with its mammalian counterparts, including Histidyl-tRNA synthetase (Hars), Hars2, and others, but these are absent from the Zmat2 locus in teleost fish, in which Stem-loop-binding protein 2 (Slbp2) and Lymphocyte cytosolic protein 2a (Lcp2a) are present instead. Taken together, these observations argue that a recognizable Zmat2 was present in the earliest vertebrate ancestors, and postulate that during chromosomal tetraploidization and subsequent re-diploidization during modern teleost evolution, the duplicated Zmat2 gene was retained and the original lost. This study also highlights how information from genomic resources can be leveraged to reveal new biologically significant insights. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7255616 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-72556162020-06-08 The Zmat2 gene in non-mammalian vertebrates: Organizational simplicity within a divergent locus in fish Rotwein, Peter PLoS One Research Article ZMAT2 is among the least-studied of mammalian proteins and genes, even though it is the ortholog of Snu23, a protein involved in pre-mRNA splicing in yeast. Here we have used data from genomic and gene expression repositories to examine the Zmat2 gene and locus in 8 terrestrial vertebrates, 10 ray-finned fish, and 1 lobe-finned fish representing > 500 million years of evolutionary diversification. The analyses revealed that vertebrate Zmat2 genes are similar to their mammalian counterparts, as in 16/19 species studied they contain 6 exons, and in 18/19 encode a single conserved protein. However, unlike in mammals, no Zmat2 pseudogenes were identified in these vertebrates, although an expressed Zmat2 paralog was characterized in flycatcher that resembled a DNA copy of a processed and retro-transposed mRNA, and thus could be a proto-pseudogene captured during its evolutionary journey from active to inert. The Zmat2 locus in terrestrial vertebrates, and in spotted gar and coelacanth, also shares additional genes with its mammalian counterparts, including Histidyl-tRNA synthetase (Hars), Hars2, and others, but these are absent from the Zmat2 locus in teleost fish, in which Stem-loop-binding protein 2 (Slbp2) and Lymphocyte cytosolic protein 2a (Lcp2a) are present instead. Taken together, these observations argue that a recognizable Zmat2 was present in the earliest vertebrate ancestors, and postulate that during chromosomal tetraploidization and subsequent re-diploidization during modern teleost evolution, the duplicated Zmat2 gene was retained and the original lost. This study also highlights how information from genomic resources can be leveraged to reveal new biologically significant insights. Public Library of Science 2020-05-28 /pmc/articles/PMC7255616/ /pubmed/32463827 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0233081 Text en © 2020 Peter Rotwein http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Rotwein, Peter The Zmat2 gene in non-mammalian vertebrates: Organizational simplicity within a divergent locus in fish |
title | The Zmat2 gene in non-mammalian vertebrates: Organizational simplicity within a divergent locus in fish |
title_full | The Zmat2 gene in non-mammalian vertebrates: Organizational simplicity within a divergent locus in fish |
title_fullStr | The Zmat2 gene in non-mammalian vertebrates: Organizational simplicity within a divergent locus in fish |
title_full_unstemmed | The Zmat2 gene in non-mammalian vertebrates: Organizational simplicity within a divergent locus in fish |
title_short | The Zmat2 gene in non-mammalian vertebrates: Organizational simplicity within a divergent locus in fish |
title_sort | zmat2 gene in non-mammalian vertebrates: organizational simplicity within a divergent locus in fish |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7255616/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32463827 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0233081 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT rotweinpeter thezmat2geneinnonmammalianvertebratesorganizationalsimplicitywithinadivergentlocusinfish AT rotweinpeter zmat2geneinnonmammalianvertebratesorganizationalsimplicitywithinadivergentlocusinfish |