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Update on T cells in the virally infected brain: friends and foes

The present review will outline neuroprotective and neurotoxic effects of central nervous system (CNS) infiltrating T cells during viral infections. Evidence demonstrating differential roles for antiviral effector and resident memory T-cell subsets in virologic control and immunopathology in the CNS...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Ai, Shenjian, Klein, Robyn S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7259386/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32304440
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/WCO.0000000000000825
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author Ai, Shenjian
Klein, Robyn S.
author_facet Ai, Shenjian
Klein, Robyn S.
author_sort Ai, Shenjian
collection PubMed
description The present review will outline neuroprotective and neurotoxic effects of central nervous system (CNS) infiltrating T cells during viral infections. Evidence demonstrating differential roles for antiviral effector and resident memory T-cell subsets in virologic control and immunopathology in the CNS will be discussed. Potential therapeutic targets emanating from a growing understanding of T-cell-initiated neuropathology that impacts learning and memory will also be delineated. RECENT FINDINGS: The critical role for T cells in preventing and clearing CNS infections became incontrovertible during the era of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Recent studies have further defined differential roles of T-cell subsets, including resident memory T cells (Trm), in antiviral immunity and, unexpectedly, in postinfectious cognitive dysfunction. Mechanisms of T-cell-mediated effects include differential innate immune signaling within neural cells that are virus-specific. SUMMARY: T-cell cytokines that are essential for cell-mediated virologic control during neurotropic viral infections have recently been identified as potential targets to prevent post-infection memory disorders. Further identification of T-cell subsets, their antigen specificity, and postinfection localization of Trm will enhance the efficacy of immunotherapies through minimization of immunopathology.
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spelling pubmed-72593862020-06-29 Update on T cells in the virally infected brain: friends and foes Ai, Shenjian Klein, Robyn S. Curr Opin Neurol CNS INFLAMMATORY DISORDERS OUTSIDE MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS: Edited by Bruce T. Volpe The present review will outline neuroprotective and neurotoxic effects of central nervous system (CNS) infiltrating T cells during viral infections. Evidence demonstrating differential roles for antiviral effector and resident memory T-cell subsets in virologic control and immunopathology in the CNS will be discussed. Potential therapeutic targets emanating from a growing understanding of T-cell-initiated neuropathology that impacts learning and memory will also be delineated. RECENT FINDINGS: The critical role for T cells in preventing and clearing CNS infections became incontrovertible during the era of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Recent studies have further defined differential roles of T-cell subsets, including resident memory T cells (Trm), in antiviral immunity and, unexpectedly, in postinfectious cognitive dysfunction. Mechanisms of T-cell-mediated effects include differential innate immune signaling within neural cells that are virus-specific. SUMMARY: T-cell cytokines that are essential for cell-mediated virologic control during neurotropic viral infections have recently been identified as potential targets to prevent post-infection memory disorders. Further identification of T-cell subsets, their antigen specificity, and postinfection localization of Trm will enhance the efficacy of immunotherapies through minimization of immunopathology. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2020-06 2020-04-20 /pmc/articles/PMC7259386/ /pubmed/32304440 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/WCO.0000000000000825 Text en Copyright © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
spellingShingle CNS INFLAMMATORY DISORDERS OUTSIDE MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS: Edited by Bruce T. Volpe
Ai, Shenjian
Klein, Robyn S.
Update on T cells in the virally infected brain: friends and foes
title Update on T cells in the virally infected brain: friends and foes
title_full Update on T cells in the virally infected brain: friends and foes
title_fullStr Update on T cells in the virally infected brain: friends and foes
title_full_unstemmed Update on T cells in the virally infected brain: friends and foes
title_short Update on T cells in the virally infected brain: friends and foes
title_sort update on t cells in the virally infected brain: friends and foes
topic CNS INFLAMMATORY DISORDERS OUTSIDE MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS: Edited by Bruce T. Volpe
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7259386/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32304440
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/WCO.0000000000000825
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