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Role of ambient pressure in self-heating torrefaction of dairy cattle manure

This paper describes the role of ambient pressure in self-heating torrefaction of livestock manure. We explored the initiating temperatures required to cause self-heating of wet dairy cattle manure at different ambient pressures (0.1, 0.4, 0.7, and 1.0 MPa). Then, we conducted proximate, elemental,...

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Autores principales: Itoh, Takanori, Iwabuchi, Kazunori, Maemoku, Naohiro, Chen, Siyao, Taniguro, Katsumori
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7259747/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32469994
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0233027
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author Itoh, Takanori
Iwabuchi, Kazunori
Maemoku, Naohiro
Chen, Siyao
Taniguro, Katsumori
author_facet Itoh, Takanori
Iwabuchi, Kazunori
Maemoku, Naohiro
Chen, Siyao
Taniguro, Katsumori
author_sort Itoh, Takanori
collection PubMed
description This paper describes the role of ambient pressure in self-heating torrefaction of livestock manure. We explored the initiating temperatures required to cause self-heating of wet dairy cattle manure at different ambient pressures (0.1, 0.4, 0.7, and 1.0 MPa). Then, we conducted proximate, elemental, and calorific analyses of biochar torrefied at 210, 250, and 290°C. The results showed that self-heating was induced at 155°C or higher for 0.1 MPa and at 115°C or lower for 0.4 MPa or higher. The decrease of the initiating temperature at elevated pressure was due not only to more oxygen, but also to the retention of moisture that can promote chemical oxidation of manure. Biochar yields decreased with increasing torrefaction temperature and pressure, and the yield difference at 0.1 and 1.0 MPa was more substantial at lower temperatures: a 29.8, 16.4, and 9.4% difference at 210, 250, and 290°C, respectively. Proximate and elemental analyses showed that elevated pressure promotes devolatilization, deoxygenation, and coalification compared to atmospheric pressure; its impact, however, was less at higher temperatures as the torrefaction temperature became more dominant. Calorific analysis revealed that elevated pressure can increase the higher heating value (HHV) on a dry and ash-free basis at 210°C because of the increase in carbon content, but its impact is limited at 250 and 290°C. Meanwhile, the HHV on a dry basis exhibited the opposite trend due primarily to an enlargement of ash content. The present study revealed that ambient pressure considerably affects the initiating temperature of self-heating and the chemical properties of biochar at a low torrefaction temperature.
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spelling pubmed-72597472020-06-08 Role of ambient pressure in self-heating torrefaction of dairy cattle manure Itoh, Takanori Iwabuchi, Kazunori Maemoku, Naohiro Chen, Siyao Taniguro, Katsumori PLoS One Research Article This paper describes the role of ambient pressure in self-heating torrefaction of livestock manure. We explored the initiating temperatures required to cause self-heating of wet dairy cattle manure at different ambient pressures (0.1, 0.4, 0.7, and 1.0 MPa). Then, we conducted proximate, elemental, and calorific analyses of biochar torrefied at 210, 250, and 290°C. The results showed that self-heating was induced at 155°C or higher for 0.1 MPa and at 115°C or lower for 0.4 MPa or higher. The decrease of the initiating temperature at elevated pressure was due not only to more oxygen, but also to the retention of moisture that can promote chemical oxidation of manure. Biochar yields decreased with increasing torrefaction temperature and pressure, and the yield difference at 0.1 and 1.0 MPa was more substantial at lower temperatures: a 29.8, 16.4, and 9.4% difference at 210, 250, and 290°C, respectively. Proximate and elemental analyses showed that elevated pressure promotes devolatilization, deoxygenation, and coalification compared to atmospheric pressure; its impact, however, was less at higher temperatures as the torrefaction temperature became more dominant. Calorific analysis revealed that elevated pressure can increase the higher heating value (HHV) on a dry and ash-free basis at 210°C because of the increase in carbon content, but its impact is limited at 250 and 290°C. Meanwhile, the HHV on a dry basis exhibited the opposite trend due primarily to an enlargement of ash content. The present study revealed that ambient pressure considerably affects the initiating temperature of self-heating and the chemical properties of biochar at a low torrefaction temperature. Public Library of Science 2020-05-29 /pmc/articles/PMC7259747/ /pubmed/32469994 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0233027 Text en © 2020 Itoh et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Itoh, Takanori
Iwabuchi, Kazunori
Maemoku, Naohiro
Chen, Siyao
Taniguro, Katsumori
Role of ambient pressure in self-heating torrefaction of dairy cattle manure
title Role of ambient pressure in self-heating torrefaction of dairy cattle manure
title_full Role of ambient pressure in self-heating torrefaction of dairy cattle manure
title_fullStr Role of ambient pressure in self-heating torrefaction of dairy cattle manure
title_full_unstemmed Role of ambient pressure in self-heating torrefaction of dairy cattle manure
title_short Role of ambient pressure in self-heating torrefaction of dairy cattle manure
title_sort role of ambient pressure in self-heating torrefaction of dairy cattle manure
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7259747/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32469994
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0233027
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