Local surgical complication rates in patients receiving surgery without immediate post-operative radiation therapy for lower extremity bone metastases

PURPOSE: Pathological metastatic fractures in lower-extremity weight bearing bones often require surgical reconstruction. Post-operative radiation is routinely recommended following surgical reconstruction. This study evaluated the clinical outcomes of patients that undergo surgical fixation of an established or an impending pathologic lower extremity fracture without post-operative radiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective chart review of patients at Sunnybrook Health Sciences Center between 2007 and 2019 was performed. Descriptive statistical analyses were performed. RESULTS: A total of 161 surgical reconstruction procedures were identified. Among these cases, 86/161 (53.4%) received post-operative radiation, 75/161 (47%) did not receive post-operative radiation within 12 weeks of their index surgery. Of the 75 patients not receiving post-operative radiation, 40 patients had prior radiation to the surgical site and 35 patients were radiation naïve. 5 patients (6.7%) required a second operation to the index surgical site, with 4 patients (5.3%) requiring a second fixation surgery to stabilize hardware at a median of 6.0 months post-surgery. Post-surgical radiation to the surgical site (at >12 weeks) was administered to 12 patients (16.0%) at a median of 9.1 months post-surgery. CONCLUSIONS: The surgical revision rate was low despite absence of immediate post-operative radiation therapy and was similar to prior reports in patients receiving post-operative radiation.