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Relationship Between Balance, Gait, and Activities of Daily Living in Older Adults With Dementia

INTRODUCTION: Gait characteristics are closely associated with executive functions including basic and high-level cognitive processes such as attention, working memory, decision-making, and problem-solving. Impaired cognitive function resulting from dementia is associated with loss of balance and po...

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Autores principales: Lee, Nam Gi, Kang, Tae Woo, Park, Hyun Ju
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: SAGE Publications 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7262984/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32528740
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2151459320929578
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author Lee, Nam Gi
Kang, Tae Woo
Park, Hyun Ju
author_facet Lee, Nam Gi
Kang, Tae Woo
Park, Hyun Ju
author_sort Lee, Nam Gi
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: Gait characteristics are closely associated with executive functions including basic and high-level cognitive processes such as attention, working memory, decision-making, and problem-solving. Impaired cognitive function resulting from dementia is associated with loss of balance and poor activities of daily living (ADLs). If associations between gait parameters, balance, and ADLs are observed, then quantitative gait analysis may be optimal for reinforcing balance and ADL assessments in people with dementia. This study aimed to determine the association between balance, gait, and ADLs in older adults with dementia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 46 older adults who have been diagnosed with dementia. Measurements including the Mini-Mental Statement Examination-Korean version (MMSE-K), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), 10-meter walk test (10MWT), Modified Barthel index (MBI), and GAITRite were used to assess cognitive function, balance, walking speed, ADLs, and gait parameters, respectively. The Pearson product correlation coefficient (r) was used for correlation analysis. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Among the gait parameters, velocity was positively associated with the BBS, 10MWT, and MBI (r = 0.341-0.516, P > .05). Step length (r = 0.301-0.586, P > .05), stride length (r = 0.329-0.580, P > .05), and walk ratio (r = 0.324-0.556, P > .05) were positively associated with the MMSE-K, BBS, 10MWT, and MBI. A moderate positive association between single support time and MBI was observed (r = 0.308, P = .039). Additionally, a moderate negative association between double support time and the MBI was observed (r = −0.349, P = .019). This study presents the first empirical evidence on the association between balance, gait, and ADLs in older adults with dementia. CONCLUSIONS: This study identified important associations between balance, gait, and ADL assessments in people with dementia. Further studies involving targeted interventions addressing gait parameters and improving balance and functional performance in people with dementia are required in the future.
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spelling pubmed-72629842020-06-10 Relationship Between Balance, Gait, and Activities of Daily Living in Older Adults With Dementia Lee, Nam Gi Kang, Tae Woo Park, Hyun Ju Geriatr Orthop Surg Rehabil Original Article INTRODUCTION: Gait characteristics are closely associated with executive functions including basic and high-level cognitive processes such as attention, working memory, decision-making, and problem-solving. Impaired cognitive function resulting from dementia is associated with loss of balance and poor activities of daily living (ADLs). If associations between gait parameters, balance, and ADLs are observed, then quantitative gait analysis may be optimal for reinforcing balance and ADL assessments in people with dementia. This study aimed to determine the association between balance, gait, and ADLs in older adults with dementia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 46 older adults who have been diagnosed with dementia. Measurements including the Mini-Mental Statement Examination-Korean version (MMSE-K), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), 10-meter walk test (10MWT), Modified Barthel index (MBI), and GAITRite were used to assess cognitive function, balance, walking speed, ADLs, and gait parameters, respectively. The Pearson product correlation coefficient (r) was used for correlation analysis. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Among the gait parameters, velocity was positively associated with the BBS, 10MWT, and MBI (r = 0.341-0.516, P > .05). Step length (r = 0.301-0.586, P > .05), stride length (r = 0.329-0.580, P > .05), and walk ratio (r = 0.324-0.556, P > .05) were positively associated with the MMSE-K, BBS, 10MWT, and MBI. A moderate positive association between single support time and MBI was observed (r = 0.308, P = .039). Additionally, a moderate negative association between double support time and the MBI was observed (r = −0.349, P = .019). This study presents the first empirical evidence on the association between balance, gait, and ADLs in older adults with dementia. CONCLUSIONS: This study identified important associations between balance, gait, and ADL assessments in people with dementia. Further studies involving targeted interventions addressing gait parameters and improving balance and functional performance in people with dementia are required in the future. SAGE Publications 2020-05-27 /pmc/articles/PMC7262984/ /pubmed/32528740 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2151459320929578 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
spellingShingle Original Article
Lee, Nam Gi
Kang, Tae Woo
Park, Hyun Ju
Relationship Between Balance, Gait, and Activities of Daily Living in Older Adults With Dementia
title Relationship Between Balance, Gait, and Activities of Daily Living in Older Adults With Dementia
title_full Relationship Between Balance, Gait, and Activities of Daily Living in Older Adults With Dementia
title_fullStr Relationship Between Balance, Gait, and Activities of Daily Living in Older Adults With Dementia
title_full_unstemmed Relationship Between Balance, Gait, and Activities of Daily Living in Older Adults With Dementia
title_short Relationship Between Balance, Gait, and Activities of Daily Living in Older Adults With Dementia
title_sort relationship between balance, gait, and activities of daily living in older adults with dementia
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7262984/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32528740
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2151459320929578
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