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Active and latent tuberculosis in refugees and asylum seekers: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: In 2018, there were 70.8 million refugees, asylum seekers and persons displaced by wars and conflicts worldwide. Many of these individuals face a high risk for tuberculosis in their country of origin, which may be accentuated by adverse conditions endured during their journey. We summari...

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Autores principales: Proença, Raquel, Mattos Souza, Fernanda, Lisboa Bastos, Mayara, Caetano, Rosângela, Braga, José Ueleres, Faerstein, Eduardo, Trajman, Anete
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7268459/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32493327
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-08907-y
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author Proença, Raquel
Mattos Souza, Fernanda
Lisboa Bastos, Mayara
Caetano, Rosângela
Braga, José Ueleres
Faerstein, Eduardo
Trajman, Anete
author_facet Proença, Raquel
Mattos Souza, Fernanda
Lisboa Bastos, Mayara
Caetano, Rosângela
Braga, José Ueleres
Faerstein, Eduardo
Trajman, Anete
author_sort Proença, Raquel
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: In 2018, there were 70.8 million refugees, asylum seekers and persons displaced by wars and conflicts worldwide. Many of these individuals face a high risk for tuberculosis in their country of origin, which may be accentuated by adverse conditions endured during their journey. We summarised the prevalence of active and latent tuberculosis infection in refugees and asylum seekers through a systematic literature review and meta-analyses by country of origin and host continent. METHODS: Articles published in Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science and LILACS from January 2000 to August 2017 were searched for, without language restriction. Two independent authors performed the study selection, data extraction and quality assessment. Random effect models were used to estimate average measures of active and latent tuberculosis prevalence. Sub-group meta-analyses were performed according to country of origin and host continent. RESULTS: Sixty-seven out of 767 identified articles were included, of which 16 entered the meta-analyses. Average prevalence of active and latent tuberculosis was 1331 per 100 thousand inhabitants [95% confidence interval (CI) = 542–2384] and 37% (95% CI = 23–52%), respectively, both with high level of heterogeneity (variation in estimative attributable to heterogeneity [I(2)] = 98.2 and 99.8%). Prevalence varied more according to countries of origin than host continent. Ninety-one per cent of studies reported routine screening of recently arrived immigrants in the host country; two-thirds confirmed tuberculosis bacteriologically. Many studies failed to provide relevant information. CONCLUSION: Tuberculosis is a major health problem among refugees and asylum seekers and should be given special attention in any host continent. To protect this vulnerable population, ensuring access to healthcare for early detection for prevention and treatment of the disease is essential.
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spelling pubmed-72684592020-06-07 Active and latent tuberculosis in refugees and asylum seekers: a systematic review and meta-analysis Proença, Raquel Mattos Souza, Fernanda Lisboa Bastos, Mayara Caetano, Rosângela Braga, José Ueleres Faerstein, Eduardo Trajman, Anete BMC Public Health Research Article BACKGROUND: In 2018, there were 70.8 million refugees, asylum seekers and persons displaced by wars and conflicts worldwide. Many of these individuals face a high risk for tuberculosis in their country of origin, which may be accentuated by adverse conditions endured during their journey. We summarised the prevalence of active and latent tuberculosis infection in refugees and asylum seekers through a systematic literature review and meta-analyses by country of origin and host continent. METHODS: Articles published in Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science and LILACS from January 2000 to August 2017 were searched for, without language restriction. Two independent authors performed the study selection, data extraction and quality assessment. Random effect models were used to estimate average measures of active and latent tuberculosis prevalence. Sub-group meta-analyses were performed according to country of origin and host continent. RESULTS: Sixty-seven out of 767 identified articles were included, of which 16 entered the meta-analyses. Average prevalence of active and latent tuberculosis was 1331 per 100 thousand inhabitants [95% confidence interval (CI) = 542–2384] and 37% (95% CI = 23–52%), respectively, both with high level of heterogeneity (variation in estimative attributable to heterogeneity [I(2)] = 98.2 and 99.8%). Prevalence varied more according to countries of origin than host continent. Ninety-one per cent of studies reported routine screening of recently arrived immigrants in the host country; two-thirds confirmed tuberculosis bacteriologically. Many studies failed to provide relevant information. CONCLUSION: Tuberculosis is a major health problem among refugees and asylum seekers and should be given special attention in any host continent. To protect this vulnerable population, ensuring access to healthcare for early detection for prevention and treatment of the disease is essential. BioMed Central 2020-06-03 /pmc/articles/PMC7268459/ /pubmed/32493327 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-08907-y Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research Article
Proença, Raquel
Mattos Souza, Fernanda
Lisboa Bastos, Mayara
Caetano, Rosângela
Braga, José Ueleres
Faerstein, Eduardo
Trajman, Anete
Active and latent tuberculosis in refugees and asylum seekers: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title Active and latent tuberculosis in refugees and asylum seekers: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full Active and latent tuberculosis in refugees and asylum seekers: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_fullStr Active and latent tuberculosis in refugees and asylum seekers: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full_unstemmed Active and latent tuberculosis in refugees and asylum seekers: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_short Active and latent tuberculosis in refugees and asylum seekers: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_sort active and latent tuberculosis in refugees and asylum seekers: a systematic review and meta-analysis
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7268459/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32493327
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-08907-y
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