Sewage enhanced bioelectrochemical degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in soil environment through bioelectro-stimulation

The impact of readily biodegradable substrates (sewage and acetate) in bioelectroremediation of hydrocarbons (PW) was evaluated in a bench-scale soil-based hybrid bioelectrochemical system. Addition of bioelectro-stimulants evidenced efficient degradation than control operation. Acetate and sewage were exhibited power density of 1126 mW/m(2) and 1145 mW/m(2), respectively, which is almost 15 % higher than control (without stimulant, 974 mW/m(2)). Increased electrochemical activity was correlated well with total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) degradation through addition of acetate (TPH(R), 525 mg/L, 67.4 %) and sewage (TPH(R), 560 mg/L,71.8 %) compared to the control operation (TPH(R), 503 mg/L, 64.5 %). Similarly, chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction was also enhanced from 69.0 % (control) to 72.1 % and 74.6 % with acetate and sewage, respectively. Sewage and acetate also showed a positive role in sulfates removal, which enhanced from 56.0 % (control) to 62.9 % (acetate) and 72.6 % (sewage). This study signifies the superior function of sewage as biostimulant compared to acetate for the bioelectroremediation of hydrocarbons in contaminated soils.