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Association of whole grains intake and the risk of digestive tract cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Several epidemiological studies have investigated the association between whole grains intake and digestive tract cancer risk; however, the results are still controversial. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to assess the association. METHODS: Studies published before March 2020 were...

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Autores principales: Zhang, Xiao-Feng, Wang, Xiao-Kai, Tang, Yu-Jun, Guan, Xiao-Xian, Guo, Yao, Fan, Jian-Ming, Cui, Ling-Ling
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7271550/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32493399
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12937-020-00556-6
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author Zhang, Xiao-Feng
Wang, Xiao-Kai
Tang, Yu-Jun
Guan, Xiao-Xian
Guo, Yao
Fan, Jian-Ming
Cui, Ling-Ling
author_facet Zhang, Xiao-Feng
Wang, Xiao-Kai
Tang, Yu-Jun
Guan, Xiao-Xian
Guo, Yao
Fan, Jian-Ming
Cui, Ling-Ling
author_sort Zhang, Xiao-Feng
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Several epidemiological studies have investigated the association between whole grains intake and digestive tract cancer risk; however, the results are still controversial. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to assess the association. METHODS: Studies published before March 2020 were searched in database and other sources. The risk ratio (RR) with the 95% confidence interval (CI) were pooled using fix or random-effects models. RESULTS: This meta-analysis included 34 articles reporting 35 studies, 18 studies of colorectal cancer, 11 studies of gastric cancer and 6 studies of esophagus cancer, involving 2,663,278 participants and 28,921 cases. Comparing the highest-intake participants with the lowest-intake participants for whole grains, we found that the intake of whole grains were inversely related to colorectal cancer (RR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.84–0.93, P < 0.001), gastric cancer (RR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.53–0.79, P < 0.001), esophagus cancer (RR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.44–0.67, P < 0.001), respectively. However, subgroup analysis of colorectal cancer found no significant association in the case-control studies and studies of sample size < 500, and subgroup analysis of gastric cancer found no significant association in the cohort studies and studies of American population. No study significantly affected the findings in the sensitivity analysis. No publication bias was found in the studies for colorectal cancer and esophagus cancer except in the studies for gastric cancer. CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis provides further evidence that whole grains intake was associated with a reduced risk of digestive tract cancer. Our result supports the dietary guidelines that increase whole grains intake to reduce the risk of digestive tract cancer.
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spelling pubmed-72715502020-06-08 Association of whole grains intake and the risk of digestive tract cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis Zhang, Xiao-Feng Wang, Xiao-Kai Tang, Yu-Jun Guan, Xiao-Xian Guo, Yao Fan, Jian-Ming Cui, Ling-Ling Nutr J Review BACKGROUND: Several epidemiological studies have investigated the association between whole grains intake and digestive tract cancer risk; however, the results are still controversial. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to assess the association. METHODS: Studies published before March 2020 were searched in database and other sources. The risk ratio (RR) with the 95% confidence interval (CI) were pooled using fix or random-effects models. RESULTS: This meta-analysis included 34 articles reporting 35 studies, 18 studies of colorectal cancer, 11 studies of gastric cancer and 6 studies of esophagus cancer, involving 2,663,278 participants and 28,921 cases. Comparing the highest-intake participants with the lowest-intake participants for whole grains, we found that the intake of whole grains were inversely related to colorectal cancer (RR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.84–0.93, P < 0.001), gastric cancer (RR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.53–0.79, P < 0.001), esophagus cancer (RR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.44–0.67, P < 0.001), respectively. However, subgroup analysis of colorectal cancer found no significant association in the case-control studies and studies of sample size < 500, and subgroup analysis of gastric cancer found no significant association in the cohort studies and studies of American population. No study significantly affected the findings in the sensitivity analysis. No publication bias was found in the studies for colorectal cancer and esophagus cancer except in the studies for gastric cancer. CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis provides further evidence that whole grains intake was associated with a reduced risk of digestive tract cancer. Our result supports the dietary guidelines that increase whole grains intake to reduce the risk of digestive tract cancer. BioMed Central 2020-06-03 /pmc/articles/PMC7271550/ /pubmed/32493399 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12937-020-00556-6 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Review
Zhang, Xiao-Feng
Wang, Xiao-Kai
Tang, Yu-Jun
Guan, Xiao-Xian
Guo, Yao
Fan, Jian-Ming
Cui, Ling-Ling
Association of whole grains intake and the risk of digestive tract cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title Association of whole grains intake and the risk of digestive tract cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full Association of whole grains intake and the risk of digestive tract cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_fullStr Association of whole grains intake and the risk of digestive tract cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full_unstemmed Association of whole grains intake and the risk of digestive tract cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_short Association of whole grains intake and the risk of digestive tract cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_sort association of whole grains intake and the risk of digestive tract cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7271550/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32493399
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12937-020-00556-6
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