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Repeated Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation Modified the Neuronal Potential in the Vestibular Nucleus

Vestibular nucleus (VN) and cerebellar flocculus are known as the core candidates for the neuroplasticity of vestibular system. However, it has been still elusive how to induce the artificial neuroplasticity, especially caused by an electrical stimulation, and assess the neuronal information related...

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Autores principales: Kim, Gyutae, Lee, Sangmin, Kim, Kyu-Sung
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7273393/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32565777
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5743972
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author Kim, Gyutae
Lee, Sangmin
Kim, Kyu-Sung
author_facet Kim, Gyutae
Lee, Sangmin
Kim, Kyu-Sung
author_sort Kim, Gyutae
collection PubMed
description Vestibular nucleus (VN) and cerebellar flocculus are known as the core candidates for the neuroplasticity of vestibular system. However, it has been still elusive how to induce the artificial neuroplasticity, especially caused by an electrical stimulation, and assess the neuronal information related with the plasticity. To understand the electrically induced neuroplasticity, the neuronal potentials in VN responding to the repeated electrical stimuli were examined. Galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) was applied to excite the neurons in VN, and their activities were measured by an extracellular neural recording technique. Thirty-eight neuronal responses (17 for the regular and 21 for irregular neurons) were recorded and examined the potentials before and after stimulation. Two-third of the population (63.2%, 24/38) modified the potentials under the GVS repetition before stimulation (p = 0.037), and more than half of the population (21/38, 55.3%) changed the potentials after stimulation (p = 0.209). On the other hand, the plasticity-related neuronal modulation was hardly observed in the temporal responses of the neurons. The modification of the active glutamate receptors was also investigated to see if the repeated stimulation changed the number of both types of glutamate receptors, and the results showed that AMPA and NMDA receptors decreased after the repeated stimuli by 28.32 and 16.09%, respectively, implying the modification in the neuronal amplitudes.
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spelling pubmed-72733932020-06-19 Repeated Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation Modified the Neuronal Potential in the Vestibular Nucleus Kim, Gyutae Lee, Sangmin Kim, Kyu-Sung Neural Plast Research Article Vestibular nucleus (VN) and cerebellar flocculus are known as the core candidates for the neuroplasticity of vestibular system. However, it has been still elusive how to induce the artificial neuroplasticity, especially caused by an electrical stimulation, and assess the neuronal information related with the plasticity. To understand the electrically induced neuroplasticity, the neuronal potentials in VN responding to the repeated electrical stimuli were examined. Galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) was applied to excite the neurons in VN, and their activities were measured by an extracellular neural recording technique. Thirty-eight neuronal responses (17 for the regular and 21 for irregular neurons) were recorded and examined the potentials before and after stimulation. Two-third of the population (63.2%, 24/38) modified the potentials under the GVS repetition before stimulation (p = 0.037), and more than half of the population (21/38, 55.3%) changed the potentials after stimulation (p = 0.209). On the other hand, the plasticity-related neuronal modulation was hardly observed in the temporal responses of the neurons. The modification of the active glutamate receptors was also investigated to see if the repeated stimulation changed the number of both types of glutamate receptors, and the results showed that AMPA and NMDA receptors decreased after the repeated stimuli by 28.32 and 16.09%, respectively, implying the modification in the neuronal amplitudes. Hindawi 2020-05-27 /pmc/articles/PMC7273393/ /pubmed/32565777 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5743972 Text en Copyright © 2020 Gyutae Kim et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Kim, Gyutae
Lee, Sangmin
Kim, Kyu-Sung
Repeated Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation Modified the Neuronal Potential in the Vestibular Nucleus
title Repeated Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation Modified the Neuronal Potential in the Vestibular Nucleus
title_full Repeated Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation Modified the Neuronal Potential in the Vestibular Nucleus
title_fullStr Repeated Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation Modified the Neuronal Potential in the Vestibular Nucleus
title_full_unstemmed Repeated Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation Modified the Neuronal Potential in the Vestibular Nucleus
title_short Repeated Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation Modified the Neuronal Potential in the Vestibular Nucleus
title_sort repeated galvanic vestibular stimulation modified the neuronal potential in the vestibular nucleus
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7273393/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32565777
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5743972
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