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Digital versus analogue record systems for mass casualty incidents at sea—Results from an exploratory study

OBJECTIVE: Mis-triage may have serious consequences for patients in mass casualty incidents (MCI) at sea. The purpose of this study was to assess outcome, reliability and validity of an analogue and a digital recording system for triage of a MCI at sea. METHODS: The study based on a triage exercise...

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Autores principales: Henning, Esther, Bakir, Mustafa Sinan, Haralambiev, Lyubomir, Kim, Simon, Schulz-Drost, Stefan, Hinz, Peter, Kohlmann, Thomas, Ekkernkamp, Axel, Gümbel, Denis
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7274416/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32502206
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0234156
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author Henning, Esther
Bakir, Mustafa Sinan
Haralambiev, Lyubomir
Kim, Simon
Schulz-Drost, Stefan
Hinz, Peter
Kohlmann, Thomas
Ekkernkamp, Axel
Gümbel, Denis
author_facet Henning, Esther
Bakir, Mustafa Sinan
Haralambiev, Lyubomir
Kim, Simon
Schulz-Drost, Stefan
Hinz, Peter
Kohlmann, Thomas
Ekkernkamp, Axel
Gümbel, Denis
author_sort Henning, Esther
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVE: Mis-triage may have serious consequences for patients in mass casualty incidents (MCI) at sea. The purpose of this study was to assess outcome, reliability and validity of an analogue and a digital recording system for triage of a MCI at sea. METHODS: The study based on a triage exercise conducted with a cross-over-design. Forty-eight volunteers were presented a fictional MCI with 50 cases. The volunteers were randomly assigned to start with the analogue (Group A, starting with the analogue followed by the digital system) or digital system (Group B, starting with the digital followed by the analogue system). Triage score distribution and agreement between the triage methods and a predefined standard were reported. Reliability was analysed using Cronbach’s Alpha and Cohen’s Kappa. Validity was measured through sensitivity, specificity and predictive value. Treatment, period and carry-over-effects were analysed using a linear mixed-effects model. RESULTS: The number of patients triaged (total: n = 3545) with the analogue system (n = 1914; 79.75%) was significantly higher (p = 0.001) than with the digital system (n = 1631; 67.96%). A trend towards a higher percentage of correct triages with the digital system was observed (p = 0.282). Ratio of under-triage was significantly smaller with the digital system (p = 0.001). Validity measured with Cronbach’s Alpha and Cohen’s Kappa was higher with the digital system. So was sensitivity (category; green: 80.67%, yellow: 73.24%, red: 83.54%; analogue: green: 93.28%, yellow: 82.36%, red: 94.04%) and specificity of the digital system (green: 78.07%, yellow: 63.75%, red: 66.25%; analogue: green: 85.50%, yellow: 79.88%, red: 91.50%). Comparing the predictive values and accuracy, the digital system showed higher scores than the analogue system. No significant patterns of carry-over-effects were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Significant differences were found for the number of triages comparing the analogue and digital recording system. The digital system has a slightly higher reliability and validity than the analogue triage system.
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spelling pubmed-72744162020-06-09 Digital versus analogue record systems for mass casualty incidents at sea—Results from an exploratory study Henning, Esther Bakir, Mustafa Sinan Haralambiev, Lyubomir Kim, Simon Schulz-Drost, Stefan Hinz, Peter Kohlmann, Thomas Ekkernkamp, Axel Gümbel, Denis PLoS One Research Article OBJECTIVE: Mis-triage may have serious consequences for patients in mass casualty incidents (MCI) at sea. The purpose of this study was to assess outcome, reliability and validity of an analogue and a digital recording system for triage of a MCI at sea. METHODS: The study based on a triage exercise conducted with a cross-over-design. Forty-eight volunteers were presented a fictional MCI with 50 cases. The volunteers were randomly assigned to start with the analogue (Group A, starting with the analogue followed by the digital system) or digital system (Group B, starting with the digital followed by the analogue system). Triage score distribution and agreement between the triage methods and a predefined standard were reported. Reliability was analysed using Cronbach’s Alpha and Cohen’s Kappa. Validity was measured through sensitivity, specificity and predictive value. Treatment, period and carry-over-effects were analysed using a linear mixed-effects model. RESULTS: The number of patients triaged (total: n = 3545) with the analogue system (n = 1914; 79.75%) was significantly higher (p = 0.001) than with the digital system (n = 1631; 67.96%). A trend towards a higher percentage of correct triages with the digital system was observed (p = 0.282). Ratio of under-triage was significantly smaller with the digital system (p = 0.001). Validity measured with Cronbach’s Alpha and Cohen’s Kappa was higher with the digital system. So was sensitivity (category; green: 80.67%, yellow: 73.24%, red: 83.54%; analogue: green: 93.28%, yellow: 82.36%, red: 94.04%) and specificity of the digital system (green: 78.07%, yellow: 63.75%, red: 66.25%; analogue: green: 85.50%, yellow: 79.88%, red: 91.50%). Comparing the predictive values and accuracy, the digital system showed higher scores than the analogue system. No significant patterns of carry-over-effects were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Significant differences were found for the number of triages comparing the analogue and digital recording system. The digital system has a slightly higher reliability and validity than the analogue triage system. Public Library of Science 2020-06-05 /pmc/articles/PMC7274416/ /pubmed/32502206 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0234156 Text en © 2020 Henning et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Henning, Esther
Bakir, Mustafa Sinan
Haralambiev, Lyubomir
Kim, Simon
Schulz-Drost, Stefan
Hinz, Peter
Kohlmann, Thomas
Ekkernkamp, Axel
Gümbel, Denis
Digital versus analogue record systems for mass casualty incidents at sea—Results from an exploratory study
title Digital versus analogue record systems for mass casualty incidents at sea—Results from an exploratory study
title_full Digital versus analogue record systems for mass casualty incidents at sea—Results from an exploratory study
title_fullStr Digital versus analogue record systems for mass casualty incidents at sea—Results from an exploratory study
title_full_unstemmed Digital versus analogue record systems for mass casualty incidents at sea—Results from an exploratory study
title_short Digital versus analogue record systems for mass casualty incidents at sea—Results from an exploratory study
title_sort digital versus analogue record systems for mass casualty incidents at sea—results from an exploratory study
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7274416/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32502206
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0234156
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