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Helium–Oxygen Mixture Model for Particle Transport in CT-Based Upper Airways

The knowledge of respiratory particle transport in the extra-thoracic pathways is essential for the estimation of lung health-risk and optimization of targeted drug delivery. The published literature reports that a significant fraction of the inhaled aerosol particles are deposited in the upper airw...

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Autores principales: Islam, Mohammad S., Gu, YuanTong, Farkas, Arpad, Paul, Gunther, Saha, Suvash C.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7277378/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32443715
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103574
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author Islam, Mohammad S.
Gu, YuanTong
Farkas, Arpad
Paul, Gunther
Saha, Suvash C.
author_facet Islam, Mohammad S.
Gu, YuanTong
Farkas, Arpad
Paul, Gunther
Saha, Suvash C.
author_sort Islam, Mohammad S.
collection PubMed
description The knowledge of respiratory particle transport in the extra-thoracic pathways is essential for the estimation of lung health-risk and optimization of targeted drug delivery. The published literature reports that a significant fraction of the inhaled aerosol particles are deposited in the upper airways, and available inhalers can deliver only a small amount of drug particles to the deeper airways. To improve the targeted drug delivery efficiency to the lungs, it is important to reduce the drug particle deposition in the upper airways. This study aims to minimize the unwanted aerosol particle deposition in the upper airways by employing a gas mixture model for the aerosol particle transport within the upper airways. A helium–oxygen (heliox) mixture (80% helium and 20% oxygen) model is developed for the airflow and particle transport as the heliox mixture is less dense than air. The mouth–throat and upper airway geometry are extracted from CT-scan images. Finite volume based ANSYS Fluent (19.2) solver is used to simulate the airflow and particle transport in the upper airways. Tecplot software and MATLAB code are employed for the airflow and particle post-processing. The simulation results show that turbulence intensity for heliox breathing is lower than in the case of air-breathing. The less turbulent heliox breathing eventually reduces the deposition efficiency (DE) at the upper airways than the air-breathing. The present study, along with additional patient-specific investigation, could improve the understanding of particle transport in upper airways, which may also increase the efficiency of aerosol drug delivery.
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spelling pubmed-72773782020-06-15 Helium–Oxygen Mixture Model for Particle Transport in CT-Based Upper Airways Islam, Mohammad S. Gu, YuanTong Farkas, Arpad Paul, Gunther Saha, Suvash C. Int J Environ Res Public Health Article The knowledge of respiratory particle transport in the extra-thoracic pathways is essential for the estimation of lung health-risk and optimization of targeted drug delivery. The published literature reports that a significant fraction of the inhaled aerosol particles are deposited in the upper airways, and available inhalers can deliver only a small amount of drug particles to the deeper airways. To improve the targeted drug delivery efficiency to the lungs, it is important to reduce the drug particle deposition in the upper airways. This study aims to minimize the unwanted aerosol particle deposition in the upper airways by employing a gas mixture model for the aerosol particle transport within the upper airways. A helium–oxygen (heliox) mixture (80% helium and 20% oxygen) model is developed for the airflow and particle transport as the heliox mixture is less dense than air. The mouth–throat and upper airway geometry are extracted from CT-scan images. Finite volume based ANSYS Fluent (19.2) solver is used to simulate the airflow and particle transport in the upper airways. Tecplot software and MATLAB code are employed for the airflow and particle post-processing. The simulation results show that turbulence intensity for heliox breathing is lower than in the case of air-breathing. The less turbulent heliox breathing eventually reduces the deposition efficiency (DE) at the upper airways than the air-breathing. The present study, along with additional patient-specific investigation, could improve the understanding of particle transport in upper airways, which may also increase the efficiency of aerosol drug delivery. MDPI 2020-05-20 2020-05 /pmc/articles/PMC7277378/ /pubmed/32443715 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103574 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Islam, Mohammad S.
Gu, YuanTong
Farkas, Arpad
Paul, Gunther
Saha, Suvash C.
Helium–Oxygen Mixture Model for Particle Transport in CT-Based Upper Airways
title Helium–Oxygen Mixture Model for Particle Transport in CT-Based Upper Airways
title_full Helium–Oxygen Mixture Model for Particle Transport in CT-Based Upper Airways
title_fullStr Helium–Oxygen Mixture Model for Particle Transport in CT-Based Upper Airways
title_full_unstemmed Helium–Oxygen Mixture Model for Particle Transport in CT-Based Upper Airways
title_short Helium–Oxygen Mixture Model for Particle Transport in CT-Based Upper Airways
title_sort helium–oxygen mixture model for particle transport in ct-based upper airways
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7277378/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32443715
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103574
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