Cargando…

Substance Use Disorder in Adult-Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients: Patterns of Use and Related Clinical Features

Background: While a large amount of medical literature has explored the association between Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Substance Use Disorders (SUDs), less attention has been dedicated to the typologies of SUD and their relationships with ADHD-specific symptomatology and gen...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Spera, Vincenza, Pallucchini, Alessandro, Maiello, Marco, Carli, Marco, Maremmani, Angelo G. I., Perugi, Giulio, Maremmani, Icro
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7277475/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32429586
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103509
_version_ 1783543127757291520
author Spera, Vincenza
Pallucchini, Alessandro
Maiello, Marco
Carli, Marco
Maremmani, Angelo G. I.
Perugi, Giulio
Maremmani, Icro
author_facet Spera, Vincenza
Pallucchini, Alessandro
Maiello, Marco
Carli, Marco
Maremmani, Angelo G. I.
Perugi, Giulio
Maremmani, Icro
author_sort Spera, Vincenza
collection PubMed
description Background: While a large amount of medical literature has explored the association between Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Substance Use Disorders (SUDs), less attention has been dedicated to the typologies of SUD and their relationships with ADHD-specific symptomatology and general psychopathology in dual disorder patients. Methods: We selected 72 patients (aged 18–65) with a concomitant SUD out of 120 adults with ADHD (A-ADHD). Assessment instruments included the Diagnostic Interview for ADHD in adults (DIVA 2.0), Conner’s Adult ADHD Rating Scales–Observer (CAARS-O:S): Short Version, the Structured Clinical Interview for Axis I and II Disorders (SCID-I), the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), the Brief Psychiatric rating scale (BPRS), the Reactivity Intensity Polarity Stability Questionnaire (RIPoSt-40), the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0) and the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ). A factorial analysis was performed to group our patients by clusters in different typologies of substance use and correlations between SUDs, as made evident by their typological and diagnostic features; in addition, specific ADHD symptoms, severity of general psychopathology and patients’ functionality were assessed. Results: Two patterns of substance use were identified: the first (type 1) characterized by stimulants/alcohol and the second (type 2) by the use of cannabinoids (THC). Type 1 users were significantly younger and had more legal problems. The two patterns were similar in terms of ADHD-specific symptomatology and its severity at treatment entry. No differences were found regarding the other scales assessed, except for lower scores at MEQ in type 1 users. Conclusions: At treatment entry, the presence of different comorbid SUD clusters do not affect ADHD-specific symptomatology or severity.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-7277475
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2020
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-72774752020-06-12 Substance Use Disorder in Adult-Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients: Patterns of Use and Related Clinical Features Spera, Vincenza Pallucchini, Alessandro Maiello, Marco Carli, Marco Maremmani, Angelo G. I. Perugi, Giulio Maremmani, Icro Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Background: While a large amount of medical literature has explored the association between Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Substance Use Disorders (SUDs), less attention has been dedicated to the typologies of SUD and their relationships with ADHD-specific symptomatology and general psychopathology in dual disorder patients. Methods: We selected 72 patients (aged 18–65) with a concomitant SUD out of 120 adults with ADHD (A-ADHD). Assessment instruments included the Diagnostic Interview for ADHD in adults (DIVA 2.0), Conner’s Adult ADHD Rating Scales–Observer (CAARS-O:S): Short Version, the Structured Clinical Interview for Axis I and II Disorders (SCID-I), the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), the Brief Psychiatric rating scale (BPRS), the Reactivity Intensity Polarity Stability Questionnaire (RIPoSt-40), the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0) and the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ). A factorial analysis was performed to group our patients by clusters in different typologies of substance use and correlations between SUDs, as made evident by their typological and diagnostic features; in addition, specific ADHD symptoms, severity of general psychopathology and patients’ functionality were assessed. Results: Two patterns of substance use were identified: the first (type 1) characterized by stimulants/alcohol and the second (type 2) by the use of cannabinoids (THC). Type 1 users were significantly younger and had more legal problems. The two patterns were similar in terms of ADHD-specific symptomatology and its severity at treatment entry. No differences were found regarding the other scales assessed, except for lower scores at MEQ in type 1 users. Conclusions: At treatment entry, the presence of different comorbid SUD clusters do not affect ADHD-specific symptomatology or severity. MDPI 2020-05-17 2020-05 /pmc/articles/PMC7277475/ /pubmed/32429586 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103509 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Spera, Vincenza
Pallucchini, Alessandro
Maiello, Marco
Carli, Marco
Maremmani, Angelo G. I.
Perugi, Giulio
Maremmani, Icro
Substance Use Disorder in Adult-Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients: Patterns of Use and Related Clinical Features
title Substance Use Disorder in Adult-Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients: Patterns of Use and Related Clinical Features
title_full Substance Use Disorder in Adult-Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients: Patterns of Use and Related Clinical Features
title_fullStr Substance Use Disorder in Adult-Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients: Patterns of Use and Related Clinical Features
title_full_unstemmed Substance Use Disorder in Adult-Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients: Patterns of Use and Related Clinical Features
title_short Substance Use Disorder in Adult-Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients: Patterns of Use and Related Clinical Features
title_sort substance use disorder in adult-attention deficit hyperactive disorder patients: patterns of use and related clinical features
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7277475/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32429586
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103509
work_keys_str_mv AT speravincenza substanceusedisorderinadultattentiondeficithyperactivedisorderpatientspatternsofuseandrelatedclinicalfeatures
AT pallucchinialessandro substanceusedisorderinadultattentiondeficithyperactivedisorderpatientspatternsofuseandrelatedclinicalfeatures
AT maiellomarco substanceusedisorderinadultattentiondeficithyperactivedisorderpatientspatternsofuseandrelatedclinicalfeatures
AT carlimarco substanceusedisorderinadultattentiondeficithyperactivedisorderpatientspatternsofuseandrelatedclinicalfeatures
AT maremmaniangelogi substanceusedisorderinadultattentiondeficithyperactivedisorderpatientspatternsofuseandrelatedclinicalfeatures
AT perugigiulio substanceusedisorderinadultattentiondeficithyperactivedisorderpatientspatternsofuseandrelatedclinicalfeatures
AT maremmaniicro substanceusedisorderinadultattentiondeficithyperactivedisorderpatientspatternsofuseandrelatedclinicalfeatures