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Educational Inequalities in Life and Healthy Life Expectancies among the 50-Plus in Spain
This study computes educational inequalities in life expectancy (LE), healthy life expectancy (HLE), and unhealthy life expectancy (ULE) by gender and education level in Spain in 2012. Death registrations and vital status by level of education were obtained from Spain’s National Institute of Statist...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7277913/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32438706 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103558 |
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author | Solé-Auró, Aïda Martín, Unai Domínguez Rodríguez, Antía |
author_facet | Solé-Auró, Aïda Martín, Unai Domínguez Rodríguez, Antía |
author_sort | Solé-Auró, Aïda |
collection | PubMed |
description | This study computes educational inequalities in life expectancy (LE), healthy life expectancy (HLE), and unhealthy life expectancy (ULE) by gender and education level in Spain in 2012. Death registrations and vital status by level of education were obtained from Spain’s National Institute of Statistics. Health prevalences were estimated from the National Health Survey for Spain. We used Sullivan’s method to compute HLE, ULE, and the proportion of time lived with health problems. Our results reveal that Spanish women live longer than men in all education groups, but a higher proportion of women report poor health. We detect substantial differences in unhealthy life by gender and education, with higher effect for women and for those with low levels of education. Poor self-perceived health shows the largest educational gradient; chronic diseases present the lowest. This is the first work that provides evidence on health inequalities by education level in Spain. Our findings seem to be in line with reports of the smaller social inequalities experienced in Southern Europe and highlight the importance of education level on extending the proportion of years spent in good health in a Mediterranean country. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7277913 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-72779132020-06-12 Educational Inequalities in Life and Healthy Life Expectancies among the 50-Plus in Spain Solé-Auró, Aïda Martín, Unai Domínguez Rodríguez, Antía Int J Environ Res Public Health Article This study computes educational inequalities in life expectancy (LE), healthy life expectancy (HLE), and unhealthy life expectancy (ULE) by gender and education level in Spain in 2012. Death registrations and vital status by level of education were obtained from Spain’s National Institute of Statistics. Health prevalences were estimated from the National Health Survey for Spain. We used Sullivan’s method to compute HLE, ULE, and the proportion of time lived with health problems. Our results reveal that Spanish women live longer than men in all education groups, but a higher proportion of women report poor health. We detect substantial differences in unhealthy life by gender and education, with higher effect for women and for those with low levels of education. Poor self-perceived health shows the largest educational gradient; chronic diseases present the lowest. This is the first work that provides evidence on health inequalities by education level in Spain. Our findings seem to be in line with reports of the smaller social inequalities experienced in Southern Europe and highlight the importance of education level on extending the proportion of years spent in good health in a Mediterranean country. MDPI 2020-05-19 2020-05 /pmc/articles/PMC7277913/ /pubmed/32438706 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103558 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Solé-Auró, Aïda Martín, Unai Domínguez Rodríguez, Antía Educational Inequalities in Life and Healthy Life Expectancies among the 50-Plus in Spain |
title | Educational Inequalities in Life and Healthy Life Expectancies among the 50-Plus in Spain |
title_full | Educational Inequalities in Life and Healthy Life Expectancies among the 50-Plus in Spain |
title_fullStr | Educational Inequalities in Life and Healthy Life Expectancies among the 50-Plus in Spain |
title_full_unstemmed | Educational Inequalities in Life and Healthy Life Expectancies among the 50-Plus in Spain |
title_short | Educational Inequalities in Life and Healthy Life Expectancies among the 50-Plus in Spain |
title_sort | educational inequalities in life and healthy life expectancies among the 50-plus in spain |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7277913/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32438706 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103558 |
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