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Prenatal Hypoxia and Placental Oxidative Stress: Insights from Animal Models to Clinical Evidences

Hypoxia is a common form of intrauterine stress characterized by exposure to low oxygen concentrations. Gestational hypoxia is associated with the generation of reactive oxygen species. Increase in oxidative stress is responsible for damage to proteins, lipids and DNA with consequent impairment of n...

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Autores principales: Silvestro, Serena, Calcaterra, Valeria, Pelizzo, Gloria, Bramanti, Placido, Mazzon, Emanuela
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7278841/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32408702
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9050414
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author Silvestro, Serena
Calcaterra, Valeria
Pelizzo, Gloria
Bramanti, Placido
Mazzon, Emanuela
author_facet Silvestro, Serena
Calcaterra, Valeria
Pelizzo, Gloria
Bramanti, Placido
Mazzon, Emanuela
author_sort Silvestro, Serena
collection PubMed
description Hypoxia is a common form of intrauterine stress characterized by exposure to low oxygen concentrations. Gestational hypoxia is associated with the generation of reactive oxygen species. Increase in oxidative stress is responsible for damage to proteins, lipids and DNA with consequent impairment of normal cellular functions. The purpose of this review is to propose a summary of preclinical and clinical evidences designed to outline the correlation between fetal hypoxia and oxidative stress. The results of the studies described show that increases of oxidative stress in the placenta is responsible for changes in fetal development. Specifically, oxidative stress plays a key role in vascular, cardiac and neurological disease and reproductive function dysfunctions. Moreover, the different finding suggests that the prenatal hypoxia-induced oxidative stress is associated with pregnancy complications, responsible for changes in fetal programming. In this way, fetal hypoxia predisposes the offspring to congenital anomalies and chronic diseases in future life. Several antioxidant agents, such as melatonin, erythropoietin, vitamin C, resveratrol and hydrogen, shown potential protective effects in prenatal hypoxia. However, future investigations will be needed to allow the implementation of these antioxidants in clinical practice for the promotion of health in early intrauterine life, in fetuses and children.
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spelling pubmed-72788412020-06-12 Prenatal Hypoxia and Placental Oxidative Stress: Insights from Animal Models to Clinical Evidences Silvestro, Serena Calcaterra, Valeria Pelizzo, Gloria Bramanti, Placido Mazzon, Emanuela Antioxidants (Basel) Review Hypoxia is a common form of intrauterine stress characterized by exposure to low oxygen concentrations. Gestational hypoxia is associated with the generation of reactive oxygen species. Increase in oxidative stress is responsible for damage to proteins, lipids and DNA with consequent impairment of normal cellular functions. The purpose of this review is to propose a summary of preclinical and clinical evidences designed to outline the correlation between fetal hypoxia and oxidative stress. The results of the studies described show that increases of oxidative stress in the placenta is responsible for changes in fetal development. Specifically, oxidative stress plays a key role in vascular, cardiac and neurological disease and reproductive function dysfunctions. Moreover, the different finding suggests that the prenatal hypoxia-induced oxidative stress is associated with pregnancy complications, responsible for changes in fetal programming. In this way, fetal hypoxia predisposes the offspring to congenital anomalies and chronic diseases in future life. Several antioxidant agents, such as melatonin, erythropoietin, vitamin C, resveratrol and hydrogen, shown potential protective effects in prenatal hypoxia. However, future investigations will be needed to allow the implementation of these antioxidants in clinical practice for the promotion of health in early intrauterine life, in fetuses and children. MDPI 2020-05-12 /pmc/articles/PMC7278841/ /pubmed/32408702 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9050414 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Silvestro, Serena
Calcaterra, Valeria
Pelizzo, Gloria
Bramanti, Placido
Mazzon, Emanuela
Prenatal Hypoxia and Placental Oxidative Stress: Insights from Animal Models to Clinical Evidences
title Prenatal Hypoxia and Placental Oxidative Stress: Insights from Animal Models to Clinical Evidences
title_full Prenatal Hypoxia and Placental Oxidative Stress: Insights from Animal Models to Clinical Evidences
title_fullStr Prenatal Hypoxia and Placental Oxidative Stress: Insights from Animal Models to Clinical Evidences
title_full_unstemmed Prenatal Hypoxia and Placental Oxidative Stress: Insights from Animal Models to Clinical Evidences
title_short Prenatal Hypoxia and Placental Oxidative Stress: Insights from Animal Models to Clinical Evidences
title_sort prenatal hypoxia and placental oxidative stress: insights from animal models to clinical evidences
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7278841/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32408702
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9050414
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