Transforaminal Epiduroscopic Laser Ablation for Removal of a Postlaminectomy Synovial Cyst: A Case Report

Background: Synovial cysts rarely occur after a laminectomy and are difficult to detect if there are no symptoms; however, they can cause lower back pain or symptoms of radiculopathy. Various methods are used to treat synovial cysts. Here, we will introduce the first case with treatment using the transforaminal epiduroscopic laser annuloplasty (TELA) system. Case report: A 64-year-old female patient visited the pain clinic with lower back pain and pain radiating from the left lower extremity. An MRI T2 image showed a synovial cyst of facet joint origin at the L4–L5 level; the patient had undergone a laminectomy 10 years ago at the same spinal level. The patient rated the pain an 8 on the numerical rating scale (NRS), and pain was reduced after epidural steroid injection, but symptoms recurred a month later. The cyst ablation was performed using the TELA system with a 1414 nm neodymium-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser, and after the procedure, pain decreased to 4 points immediately and was reduced to 2 points on the NRS after 1 week. Six months after the procedure, the pain level was measured on NRS 2 and cyst was not recurred in the additional MRI. Conclusion: We introduced the TELA system as a noninvasive therapy for treating synovial cysts. Ablation of cystic necks using a 1414 nm Nd:YAG laser could be a method to prevent cyst recurrence, but long-term follow-up and large scale control studies will be needed to verify the effectiveness of this method.