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Proteasome Inhibitors as a Possible Therapy for SARS-CoV-2
The COVID-19 global pandemic is caused by SARS-CoV-2, and represents an urgent medical and social issue. Unfortunately, there is still not a single proven effective drug available, and therefore, current therapeutic guidelines recommend supportive care including oxygen administration and treatment w...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7279248/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32443911 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21103622 |
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author | Longhitano, Lucia Tibullo, Daniele Giallongo, Cesarina Lazzarino, Giacomo Tartaglia, Nicola Galimberti, Sara Li Volti, Giovanni Palumbo, Giuseppe Alberto Liso, Arcangelo |
author_facet | Longhitano, Lucia Tibullo, Daniele Giallongo, Cesarina Lazzarino, Giacomo Tartaglia, Nicola Galimberti, Sara Li Volti, Giovanni Palumbo, Giuseppe Alberto Liso, Arcangelo |
author_sort | Longhitano, Lucia |
collection | PubMed |
description | The COVID-19 global pandemic is caused by SARS-CoV-2, and represents an urgent medical and social issue. Unfortunately, there is still not a single proven effective drug available, and therefore, current therapeutic guidelines recommend supportive care including oxygen administration and treatment with antibiotics. Recently, patients have been also treated with off-label therapies which comprise antiretrovirals, anti-inflammatory compounds, antiparasitic agents and plasma from convalescent patients, all with controversial results. The ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) is important for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis, and plays a pivotal role in viral replication processes. In this review, we discuss several aspects of the UPS and the effects of its inhibition with particular regard to the life cycle of the coronaviruses (CoVs). In fact, proteasome inhibition by various chemical compounds, such as MG132, epoxomycin and bortezomib, may reduce the virus entry into the eucariotic cell, the synthesis of RNA, and the subsequent protein expression necessary for CoVs. Importantly, since UPS inhibitors reduce the cytokine storm associated with various inflammatory conditions, it is reasonable to assume that they might be repurposed for SARS-CoV-2, thus providing an additional tool to counteract both virus replication as well as its most deleterious consequences triggered by abnormal immunological response. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7279248 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-72792482020-06-15 Proteasome Inhibitors as a Possible Therapy for SARS-CoV-2 Longhitano, Lucia Tibullo, Daniele Giallongo, Cesarina Lazzarino, Giacomo Tartaglia, Nicola Galimberti, Sara Li Volti, Giovanni Palumbo, Giuseppe Alberto Liso, Arcangelo Int J Mol Sci Review The COVID-19 global pandemic is caused by SARS-CoV-2, and represents an urgent medical and social issue. Unfortunately, there is still not a single proven effective drug available, and therefore, current therapeutic guidelines recommend supportive care including oxygen administration and treatment with antibiotics. Recently, patients have been also treated with off-label therapies which comprise antiretrovirals, anti-inflammatory compounds, antiparasitic agents and plasma from convalescent patients, all with controversial results. The ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) is important for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis, and plays a pivotal role in viral replication processes. In this review, we discuss several aspects of the UPS and the effects of its inhibition with particular regard to the life cycle of the coronaviruses (CoVs). In fact, proteasome inhibition by various chemical compounds, such as MG132, epoxomycin and bortezomib, may reduce the virus entry into the eucariotic cell, the synthesis of RNA, and the subsequent protein expression necessary for CoVs. Importantly, since UPS inhibitors reduce the cytokine storm associated with various inflammatory conditions, it is reasonable to assume that they might be repurposed for SARS-CoV-2, thus providing an additional tool to counteract both virus replication as well as its most deleterious consequences triggered by abnormal immunological response. MDPI 2020-05-20 /pmc/articles/PMC7279248/ /pubmed/32443911 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21103622 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Longhitano, Lucia Tibullo, Daniele Giallongo, Cesarina Lazzarino, Giacomo Tartaglia, Nicola Galimberti, Sara Li Volti, Giovanni Palumbo, Giuseppe Alberto Liso, Arcangelo Proteasome Inhibitors as a Possible Therapy for SARS-CoV-2 |
title | Proteasome Inhibitors as a Possible Therapy for SARS-CoV-2 |
title_full | Proteasome Inhibitors as a Possible Therapy for SARS-CoV-2 |
title_fullStr | Proteasome Inhibitors as a Possible Therapy for SARS-CoV-2 |
title_full_unstemmed | Proteasome Inhibitors as a Possible Therapy for SARS-CoV-2 |
title_short | Proteasome Inhibitors as a Possible Therapy for SARS-CoV-2 |
title_sort | proteasome inhibitors as a possible therapy for sars-cov-2 |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7279248/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32443911 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21103622 |
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