Preparation and Application of Bismuth/MXene Nano-Composite as Electrochemical Sensor for Heavy Metal Ions Detection

A nano-form composite of MXenes (Ti(3)C(2)T(x), T(x) = -O, -OH, -F) was synthesized through depositing bismuth-nanoparticle (BiNPs) onto Ti(3)C(2)T(x) sheets. Because of the preventive effect of the two-dimensional layered structure of Ti(3)C(2)T(x), the nanoparticles of Bi were uniform and well attached on the Ti(3)C(2)T(x). The obtained BiNPs/Ti(3)C(2)T(x) nano-composite was applied for sensors construction of electrochemical detecting of Pb(2+) and Cd(2+) heavy metal ions. The produced BiNPs@Ti(3)C(2)T(x)-based sensor showed high effective surface area and excellent conductivity. Also, the BiNPs were efficient for anodic-stripping voltammetric to detect heavy metal ions. After conditions optimization, the BiNPs@Ti(3)C(2)T(x) nano-sensor could detect Pb(2+) and Cd(2+) simultaneously and the detection limits were 10.8 nM for Pb(2+) and 12.4 nM for Cd(2+). The BiNPs@Ti(3)C(2)T(x) was promising for detecting heavy metal ions due to their high surface area, fast electron-transfer ability, environmental friendliness, and facial preparation.