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Chromosomal toxin-antitoxin systems in Pseudomonas putida are rather selfish than beneficial
Chromosomal toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are widespread genetic elements among bacteria, yet, despite extensive studies in the last decade, their biological importance remains ambivalent. The ability of TA-encoded toxins to affect stress tolerance when overexpressed supports the hypothesis of TA sys...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7280312/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32513960 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-65504-0 |
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author | Rosendahl, Sirli Tamman, Hedvig Brauer, Age Remm, Maido Hõrak, Rita |
author_facet | Rosendahl, Sirli Tamman, Hedvig Brauer, Age Remm, Maido Hõrak, Rita |
author_sort | Rosendahl, Sirli |
collection | PubMed |
description | Chromosomal toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are widespread genetic elements among bacteria, yet, despite extensive studies in the last decade, their biological importance remains ambivalent. The ability of TA-encoded toxins to affect stress tolerance when overexpressed supports the hypothesis of TA systems being associated with stress adaptation. However, the deletion of TA genes has usually no effects on stress tolerance, supporting the selfish elements hypothesis. Here, we aimed to evaluate the cost and benefits of chromosomal TA systems to Pseudomonas putida. We show that multiple TA systems do not confer fitness benefits to this bacterium as deletion of 13 TA loci does not influence stress tolerance, persistence or biofilm formation. Our results instead show that TA loci are costly and decrease the competitive fitness of P. putida. Still, the cost of multiple TA systems is low and detectable in certain conditions only. Construction of antitoxin deletion strains showed that only five TA systems code for toxic proteins, while other TA loci have evolved towards reduced toxicity and encode non-toxic or moderately potent proteins. Analysis of P. putida TA systems’ homologs among fully sequenced Pseudomonads suggests that the TA loci have been subjected to purifying selection and that TA systems spread among bacteria by horizontal gene transfer. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7280312 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-72803122020-06-15 Chromosomal toxin-antitoxin systems in Pseudomonas putida are rather selfish than beneficial Rosendahl, Sirli Tamman, Hedvig Brauer, Age Remm, Maido Hõrak, Rita Sci Rep Article Chromosomal toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are widespread genetic elements among bacteria, yet, despite extensive studies in the last decade, their biological importance remains ambivalent. The ability of TA-encoded toxins to affect stress tolerance when overexpressed supports the hypothesis of TA systems being associated with stress adaptation. However, the deletion of TA genes has usually no effects on stress tolerance, supporting the selfish elements hypothesis. Here, we aimed to evaluate the cost and benefits of chromosomal TA systems to Pseudomonas putida. We show that multiple TA systems do not confer fitness benefits to this bacterium as deletion of 13 TA loci does not influence stress tolerance, persistence or biofilm formation. Our results instead show that TA loci are costly and decrease the competitive fitness of P. putida. Still, the cost of multiple TA systems is low and detectable in certain conditions only. Construction of antitoxin deletion strains showed that only five TA systems code for toxic proteins, while other TA loci have evolved towards reduced toxicity and encode non-toxic or moderately potent proteins. Analysis of P. putida TA systems’ homologs among fully sequenced Pseudomonads suggests that the TA loci have been subjected to purifying selection and that TA systems spread among bacteria by horizontal gene transfer. Nature Publishing Group UK 2020-06-08 /pmc/articles/PMC7280312/ /pubmed/32513960 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-65504-0 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Article Rosendahl, Sirli Tamman, Hedvig Brauer, Age Remm, Maido Hõrak, Rita Chromosomal toxin-antitoxin systems in Pseudomonas putida are rather selfish than beneficial |
title | Chromosomal toxin-antitoxin systems in Pseudomonas putida are rather selfish than beneficial |
title_full | Chromosomal toxin-antitoxin systems in Pseudomonas putida are rather selfish than beneficial |
title_fullStr | Chromosomal toxin-antitoxin systems in Pseudomonas putida are rather selfish than beneficial |
title_full_unstemmed | Chromosomal toxin-antitoxin systems in Pseudomonas putida are rather selfish than beneficial |
title_short | Chromosomal toxin-antitoxin systems in Pseudomonas putida are rather selfish than beneficial |
title_sort | chromosomal toxin-antitoxin systems in pseudomonas putida are rather selfish than beneficial |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7280312/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32513960 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-65504-0 |
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