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Route to Intelligent Imaging Reconstruction via Terahertz Nonlinear Ghost Imaging

Terahertz (THz) imaging is a rapidly emerging field, thanks to many potential applications in diagnostics, manufacturing, medicine and material characterisation. However, the relatively coarse resolution stemming from the large wavelength limits the deployment of THz imaging in micro- and nano-techn...

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Autores principales: Totero Gongora, Juan S., Olivieri, Luana, Peters, Luke, Tunesi, Jacob, Cecconi, Vittorio, Cutrona, Antonio, Tucker, Robyn, Kumar, Vivek, Pasquazi, Alessia, Peccianti, Marco
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7281734/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32443881
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11050521
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author Totero Gongora, Juan S.
Olivieri, Luana
Peters, Luke
Tunesi, Jacob
Cecconi, Vittorio
Cutrona, Antonio
Tucker, Robyn
Kumar, Vivek
Pasquazi, Alessia
Peccianti, Marco
author_facet Totero Gongora, Juan S.
Olivieri, Luana
Peters, Luke
Tunesi, Jacob
Cecconi, Vittorio
Cutrona, Antonio
Tucker, Robyn
Kumar, Vivek
Pasquazi, Alessia
Peccianti, Marco
author_sort Totero Gongora, Juan S.
collection PubMed
description Terahertz (THz) imaging is a rapidly emerging field, thanks to many potential applications in diagnostics, manufacturing, medicine and material characterisation. However, the relatively coarse resolution stemming from the large wavelength limits the deployment of THz imaging in micro- and nano-technologies, keeping its potential benefits out-of-reach in many practical scenarios and devices. In this context, single-pixel techniques are a promising alternative to imaging arrays, in particular when targeting subwavelength resolutions. In this work, we discuss the key advantages and practical challenges in the implementation of time-resolved nonlinear ghost imaging (TIMING), an imaging technique combining nonlinear THz generation with time-resolved time-domain spectroscopy detection. We numerically demonstrate the high-resolution reconstruction of semi-transparent samples, and we show how the Walsh–Hadamard reconstruction scheme can be optimised to significantly reduce the reconstruction time. We also discuss how, in sharp contrast with traditional intensity-based ghost imaging, the field detection at the heart of TIMING enables high-fidelity image reconstruction via low numerical-aperture detection. Even more striking—and to the best of our knowledge, an issue never tackled before—the general concept of “resolution” of the imaging system as the “smallest feature discernible” appears to be not well suited to describing the fidelity limits of nonlinear ghost-imaging systems. Our results suggest that the drop in reconstruction accuracy stemming from non-ideal detection conditions is complex and not driven by the attenuation of high-frequency spatial components (i.e., blurring) as in standard imaging. On the technological side, we further show how achieving efficient optical-to-terahertz conversion in extremely short propagation lengths is crucial regarding imaging performance, and we propose low-bandgap semiconductors as a practical framework to obtain THz emission from quasi-2D structures, i.e., structure in which the interaction occurs on a deeply subwavelength scale. Our results establish a comprehensive theoretical and experimental framework for the development of a new generation of terahertz hyperspectral imaging devices.
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spelling pubmed-72817342020-06-15 Route to Intelligent Imaging Reconstruction via Terahertz Nonlinear Ghost Imaging Totero Gongora, Juan S. Olivieri, Luana Peters, Luke Tunesi, Jacob Cecconi, Vittorio Cutrona, Antonio Tucker, Robyn Kumar, Vivek Pasquazi, Alessia Peccianti, Marco Micromachines (Basel) Article Terahertz (THz) imaging is a rapidly emerging field, thanks to many potential applications in diagnostics, manufacturing, medicine and material characterisation. However, the relatively coarse resolution stemming from the large wavelength limits the deployment of THz imaging in micro- and nano-technologies, keeping its potential benefits out-of-reach in many practical scenarios and devices. In this context, single-pixel techniques are a promising alternative to imaging arrays, in particular when targeting subwavelength resolutions. In this work, we discuss the key advantages and practical challenges in the implementation of time-resolved nonlinear ghost imaging (TIMING), an imaging technique combining nonlinear THz generation with time-resolved time-domain spectroscopy detection. We numerically demonstrate the high-resolution reconstruction of semi-transparent samples, and we show how the Walsh–Hadamard reconstruction scheme can be optimised to significantly reduce the reconstruction time. We also discuss how, in sharp contrast with traditional intensity-based ghost imaging, the field detection at the heart of TIMING enables high-fidelity image reconstruction via low numerical-aperture detection. Even more striking—and to the best of our knowledge, an issue never tackled before—the general concept of “resolution” of the imaging system as the “smallest feature discernible” appears to be not well suited to describing the fidelity limits of nonlinear ghost-imaging systems. Our results suggest that the drop in reconstruction accuracy stemming from non-ideal detection conditions is complex and not driven by the attenuation of high-frequency spatial components (i.e., blurring) as in standard imaging. On the technological side, we further show how achieving efficient optical-to-terahertz conversion in extremely short propagation lengths is crucial regarding imaging performance, and we propose low-bandgap semiconductors as a practical framework to obtain THz emission from quasi-2D structures, i.e., structure in which the interaction occurs on a deeply subwavelength scale. Our results establish a comprehensive theoretical and experimental framework for the development of a new generation of terahertz hyperspectral imaging devices. MDPI 2020-05-20 /pmc/articles/PMC7281734/ /pubmed/32443881 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11050521 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Totero Gongora, Juan S.
Olivieri, Luana
Peters, Luke
Tunesi, Jacob
Cecconi, Vittorio
Cutrona, Antonio
Tucker, Robyn
Kumar, Vivek
Pasquazi, Alessia
Peccianti, Marco
Route to Intelligent Imaging Reconstruction via Terahertz Nonlinear Ghost Imaging
title Route to Intelligent Imaging Reconstruction via Terahertz Nonlinear Ghost Imaging
title_full Route to Intelligent Imaging Reconstruction via Terahertz Nonlinear Ghost Imaging
title_fullStr Route to Intelligent Imaging Reconstruction via Terahertz Nonlinear Ghost Imaging
title_full_unstemmed Route to Intelligent Imaging Reconstruction via Terahertz Nonlinear Ghost Imaging
title_short Route to Intelligent Imaging Reconstruction via Terahertz Nonlinear Ghost Imaging
title_sort route to intelligent imaging reconstruction via terahertz nonlinear ghost imaging
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7281734/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32443881
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11050521
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