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Genomic and physiological resilience in extreme environments are associated with a secure attachment style

Understanding individual capability to adjust to protracted confinement and isolation may inform adaptive plasticity and disease vulnerability/resilience, and may have long-term implications for operations requiring prolonged presence in distant and restricted environments. Individual coping depends...

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Autores principales: Caputo, Viviana, Pacilli, Maria Giuseppina, Arisi, Ivan, Mazza, Tommaso, Brandi, Rossella, Traversa, Alice, Casasanta, Giampietro, Pisa, Edoardo, Sonnessa, Michele, Healey, Beth, Moggio, Lorenzo, D’Onofrio, Mara, Alleva, Enrico, Macrì, Simone
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7283351/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32518224
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41398-020-00869-4
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author Caputo, Viviana
Pacilli, Maria Giuseppina
Arisi, Ivan
Mazza, Tommaso
Brandi, Rossella
Traversa, Alice
Casasanta, Giampietro
Pisa, Edoardo
Sonnessa, Michele
Healey, Beth
Moggio, Lorenzo
D’Onofrio, Mara
Alleva, Enrico
Macrì, Simone
author_facet Caputo, Viviana
Pacilli, Maria Giuseppina
Arisi, Ivan
Mazza, Tommaso
Brandi, Rossella
Traversa, Alice
Casasanta, Giampietro
Pisa, Edoardo
Sonnessa, Michele
Healey, Beth
Moggio, Lorenzo
D’Onofrio, Mara
Alleva, Enrico
Macrì, Simone
author_sort Caputo, Viviana
collection PubMed
description Understanding individual capability to adjust to protracted confinement and isolation may inform adaptive plasticity and disease vulnerability/resilience, and may have long-term implications for operations requiring prolonged presence in distant and restricted environments. Individual coping depends on many different factors encompassing psychological dispositional traits, endocrine reactivity and their underlying molecular mechanisms (e.g. gene expression). A positive view of self and others (secure attachment style) has been proposed to promote individual resilience under extreme environmental conditions. Here, we tested this hypothesis and investigated the underlying molecular mechanisms in 13 healthy volunteers confined and isolated for 12 months in a research station located 1670 km away from the south geographic pole on the Antarctic Plateau at 3233 m above sea level. Study participants, stratified for attachment style, were characterised longitudinally (before, during and after confinement) for their psychological appraisal of the stressful nature of the expedition, diurnal fluctuations in endocrine stress reactivity, and gene expression profiling (transcriptomics). Predictably, a secure attachment style was associated with reduced psychological distress and endocrine vulnerability to stress. In addition, while prolonged confinement and isolation remarkably altered overall patterns of gene expression, such alteration was largely reduced in individuals characterised by a secure attachment style. Furthermore, increased resilience was associated with a reduced expression of genes involved in energy metabolism (mitochondrial function and oxidative phosphorylation). Ultimately, our data indicate that a secure attachment style may favour individual resilience in extreme environments and that such resilience can be mapped onto identifiable molecular substrates.
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spelling pubmed-72833512020-06-19 Genomic and physiological resilience in extreme environments are associated with a secure attachment style Caputo, Viviana Pacilli, Maria Giuseppina Arisi, Ivan Mazza, Tommaso Brandi, Rossella Traversa, Alice Casasanta, Giampietro Pisa, Edoardo Sonnessa, Michele Healey, Beth Moggio, Lorenzo D’Onofrio, Mara Alleva, Enrico Macrì, Simone Transl Psychiatry Article Understanding individual capability to adjust to protracted confinement and isolation may inform adaptive plasticity and disease vulnerability/resilience, and may have long-term implications for operations requiring prolonged presence in distant and restricted environments. Individual coping depends on many different factors encompassing psychological dispositional traits, endocrine reactivity and their underlying molecular mechanisms (e.g. gene expression). A positive view of self and others (secure attachment style) has been proposed to promote individual resilience under extreme environmental conditions. Here, we tested this hypothesis and investigated the underlying molecular mechanisms in 13 healthy volunteers confined and isolated for 12 months in a research station located 1670 km away from the south geographic pole on the Antarctic Plateau at 3233 m above sea level. Study participants, stratified for attachment style, were characterised longitudinally (before, during and after confinement) for their psychological appraisal of the stressful nature of the expedition, diurnal fluctuations in endocrine stress reactivity, and gene expression profiling (transcriptomics). Predictably, a secure attachment style was associated with reduced psychological distress and endocrine vulnerability to stress. In addition, while prolonged confinement and isolation remarkably altered overall patterns of gene expression, such alteration was largely reduced in individuals characterised by a secure attachment style. Furthermore, increased resilience was associated with a reduced expression of genes involved in energy metabolism (mitochondrial function and oxidative phosphorylation). Ultimately, our data indicate that a secure attachment style may favour individual resilience in extreme environments and that such resilience can be mapped onto identifiable molecular substrates. Nature Publishing Group UK 2020-06-09 /pmc/articles/PMC7283351/ /pubmed/32518224 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41398-020-00869-4 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Caputo, Viviana
Pacilli, Maria Giuseppina
Arisi, Ivan
Mazza, Tommaso
Brandi, Rossella
Traversa, Alice
Casasanta, Giampietro
Pisa, Edoardo
Sonnessa, Michele
Healey, Beth
Moggio, Lorenzo
D’Onofrio, Mara
Alleva, Enrico
Macrì, Simone
Genomic and physiological resilience in extreme environments are associated with a secure attachment style
title Genomic and physiological resilience in extreme environments are associated with a secure attachment style
title_full Genomic and physiological resilience in extreme environments are associated with a secure attachment style
title_fullStr Genomic and physiological resilience in extreme environments are associated with a secure attachment style
title_full_unstemmed Genomic and physiological resilience in extreme environments are associated with a secure attachment style
title_short Genomic and physiological resilience in extreme environments are associated with a secure attachment style
title_sort genomic and physiological resilience in extreme environments are associated with a secure attachment style
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7283351/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32518224
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41398-020-00869-4
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