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Phytosterols Supplementation Reduces Endothelin-1 Plasma Concentration in Moderately Hypercholesterolemic Individuals Independently of Their Cholesterol-Lowering Properties

Experimental and clinical studies have demonstrated the effect of phytosterols (PS) on reducing plasma levels of cholesterol and LDL-c, but the effects of plant sterols beyond cholesterol-lowering are still questionable. Since inflammation and endothelial dysfunction are involved in the pathogenesis...

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Autores principales: Oliveira Godoy Ilha, Angela, Sutti Nunes, Valeria, Silva Afonso, Milessa, Regina Nakandakare, Edna, da Silva Ferreira, Guilherme, de Paula Assis Bombo, Renata, Rodrigues Giorgi, Ricardo, Marcondes Machado, Roberta, Carlos Rocha Quintão, Eder, Lottenberg, Ana Maria
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
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Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7284494/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32455866
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12051507
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author Oliveira Godoy Ilha, Angela
Sutti Nunes, Valeria
Silva Afonso, Milessa
Regina Nakandakare, Edna
da Silva Ferreira, Guilherme
de Paula Assis Bombo, Renata
Rodrigues Giorgi, Ricardo
Marcondes Machado, Roberta
Carlos Rocha Quintão, Eder
Lottenberg, Ana Maria
author_facet Oliveira Godoy Ilha, Angela
Sutti Nunes, Valeria
Silva Afonso, Milessa
Regina Nakandakare, Edna
da Silva Ferreira, Guilherme
de Paula Assis Bombo, Renata
Rodrigues Giorgi, Ricardo
Marcondes Machado, Roberta
Carlos Rocha Quintão, Eder
Lottenberg, Ana Maria
author_sort Oliveira Godoy Ilha, Angela
collection PubMed
description Experimental and clinical studies have demonstrated the effect of phytosterols (PS) on reducing plasma levels of cholesterol and LDL-c, but the effects of plant sterols beyond cholesterol-lowering are still questionable. Since inflammation and endothelial dysfunction are involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, this study aims to evaluate the effect of PS on biomarkers involved in atherosclerosis progression and whether these effects are independent of alterations in plasma LDL-c levels. Thirty-eight moderately hypercholesterolemic volunteers (58 ± 12 years; LDL-c ≥ 130 mg/dL) were randomly assigned to consume 400 mL/day of soy milk or soy milk + PS (1.6 g/day) for 4 weeks in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study. Blood samples were collected and lipid profiles and biomarkers for inflammation and endothelial dysfunction determined. The results showed that PS treatment reduced endothelin-1 plasma concentration by 11% (p = 0.02) independently of variations in plasma levels of LDL-c. No alterations were observed regarding fibrinogen, IL-6, hs-CRP, SAA, TNFα, or VCAM-1 between placebo and PS-treated groups. Furthermore, PS reduced total plasma cholesterol concentration (−5,5%, p < 0.001), LDL-c (−6.4%, p < 0.05), triglycerides (−8.3%, p < 0.05), and apo B (−5.3%, p < 0.05), without changing HDL-c concentration (p > 0.05). Therefore, PS supplementation effectively lowers endothelin-1 independently of the reductions in plasma levels of LDL-c, contributing to the comprehension of the effect of plant sterols on endothelial function and prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
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spelling pubmed-72844942020-06-19 Phytosterols Supplementation Reduces Endothelin-1 Plasma Concentration in Moderately Hypercholesterolemic Individuals Independently of Their Cholesterol-Lowering Properties Oliveira Godoy Ilha, Angela Sutti Nunes, Valeria Silva Afonso, Milessa Regina Nakandakare, Edna da Silva Ferreira, Guilherme de Paula Assis Bombo, Renata Rodrigues Giorgi, Ricardo Marcondes Machado, Roberta Carlos Rocha Quintão, Eder Lottenberg, Ana Maria Nutrients Article Experimental and clinical studies have demonstrated the effect of phytosterols (PS) on reducing plasma levels of cholesterol and LDL-c, but the effects of plant sterols beyond cholesterol-lowering are still questionable. Since inflammation and endothelial dysfunction are involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, this study aims to evaluate the effect of PS on biomarkers involved in atherosclerosis progression and whether these effects are independent of alterations in plasma LDL-c levels. Thirty-eight moderately hypercholesterolemic volunteers (58 ± 12 years; LDL-c ≥ 130 mg/dL) were randomly assigned to consume 400 mL/day of soy milk or soy milk + PS (1.6 g/day) for 4 weeks in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study. Blood samples were collected and lipid profiles and biomarkers for inflammation and endothelial dysfunction determined. The results showed that PS treatment reduced endothelin-1 plasma concentration by 11% (p = 0.02) independently of variations in plasma levels of LDL-c. No alterations were observed regarding fibrinogen, IL-6, hs-CRP, SAA, TNFα, or VCAM-1 between placebo and PS-treated groups. Furthermore, PS reduced total plasma cholesterol concentration (−5,5%, p < 0.001), LDL-c (−6.4%, p < 0.05), triglycerides (−8.3%, p < 0.05), and apo B (−5.3%, p < 0.05), without changing HDL-c concentration (p > 0.05). Therefore, PS supplementation effectively lowers endothelin-1 independently of the reductions in plasma levels of LDL-c, contributing to the comprehension of the effect of plant sterols on endothelial function and prevention of cardiovascular diseases. MDPI 2020-05-22 /pmc/articles/PMC7284494/ /pubmed/32455866 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12051507 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Oliveira Godoy Ilha, Angela
Sutti Nunes, Valeria
Silva Afonso, Milessa
Regina Nakandakare, Edna
da Silva Ferreira, Guilherme
de Paula Assis Bombo, Renata
Rodrigues Giorgi, Ricardo
Marcondes Machado, Roberta
Carlos Rocha Quintão, Eder
Lottenberg, Ana Maria
Phytosterols Supplementation Reduces Endothelin-1 Plasma Concentration in Moderately Hypercholesterolemic Individuals Independently of Their Cholesterol-Lowering Properties
title Phytosterols Supplementation Reduces Endothelin-1 Plasma Concentration in Moderately Hypercholesterolemic Individuals Independently of Their Cholesterol-Lowering Properties
title_full Phytosterols Supplementation Reduces Endothelin-1 Plasma Concentration in Moderately Hypercholesterolemic Individuals Independently of Their Cholesterol-Lowering Properties
title_fullStr Phytosterols Supplementation Reduces Endothelin-1 Plasma Concentration in Moderately Hypercholesterolemic Individuals Independently of Their Cholesterol-Lowering Properties
title_full_unstemmed Phytosterols Supplementation Reduces Endothelin-1 Plasma Concentration in Moderately Hypercholesterolemic Individuals Independently of Their Cholesterol-Lowering Properties
title_short Phytosterols Supplementation Reduces Endothelin-1 Plasma Concentration in Moderately Hypercholesterolemic Individuals Independently of Their Cholesterol-Lowering Properties
title_sort phytosterols supplementation reduces endothelin-1 plasma concentration in moderately hypercholesterolemic individuals independently of their cholesterol-lowering properties
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7284494/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32455866
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12051507
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