Cargando…
Phytosterols Supplementation Reduces Endothelin-1 Plasma Concentration in Moderately Hypercholesterolemic Individuals Independently of Their Cholesterol-Lowering Properties
Experimental and clinical studies have demonstrated the effect of phytosterols (PS) on reducing plasma levels of cholesterol and LDL-c, but the effects of plant sterols beyond cholesterol-lowering are still questionable. Since inflammation and endothelial dysfunction are involved in the pathogenesis...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7284494/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32455866 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12051507 |
_version_ | 1783544480084787200 |
---|---|
author | Oliveira Godoy Ilha, Angela Sutti Nunes, Valeria Silva Afonso, Milessa Regina Nakandakare, Edna da Silva Ferreira, Guilherme de Paula Assis Bombo, Renata Rodrigues Giorgi, Ricardo Marcondes Machado, Roberta Carlos Rocha Quintão, Eder Lottenberg, Ana Maria |
author_facet | Oliveira Godoy Ilha, Angela Sutti Nunes, Valeria Silva Afonso, Milessa Regina Nakandakare, Edna da Silva Ferreira, Guilherme de Paula Assis Bombo, Renata Rodrigues Giorgi, Ricardo Marcondes Machado, Roberta Carlos Rocha Quintão, Eder Lottenberg, Ana Maria |
author_sort | Oliveira Godoy Ilha, Angela |
collection | PubMed |
description | Experimental and clinical studies have demonstrated the effect of phytosterols (PS) on reducing plasma levels of cholesterol and LDL-c, but the effects of plant sterols beyond cholesterol-lowering are still questionable. Since inflammation and endothelial dysfunction are involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, this study aims to evaluate the effect of PS on biomarkers involved in atherosclerosis progression and whether these effects are independent of alterations in plasma LDL-c levels. Thirty-eight moderately hypercholesterolemic volunteers (58 ± 12 years; LDL-c ≥ 130 mg/dL) were randomly assigned to consume 400 mL/day of soy milk or soy milk + PS (1.6 g/day) for 4 weeks in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study. Blood samples were collected and lipid profiles and biomarkers for inflammation and endothelial dysfunction determined. The results showed that PS treatment reduced endothelin-1 plasma concentration by 11% (p = 0.02) independently of variations in plasma levels of LDL-c. No alterations were observed regarding fibrinogen, IL-6, hs-CRP, SAA, TNFα, or VCAM-1 between placebo and PS-treated groups. Furthermore, PS reduced total plasma cholesterol concentration (−5,5%, p < 0.001), LDL-c (−6.4%, p < 0.05), triglycerides (−8.3%, p < 0.05), and apo B (−5.3%, p < 0.05), without changing HDL-c concentration (p > 0.05). Therefore, PS supplementation effectively lowers endothelin-1 independently of the reductions in plasma levels of LDL-c, contributing to the comprehension of the effect of plant sterols on endothelial function and prevention of cardiovascular diseases. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7284494 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-72844942020-06-19 Phytosterols Supplementation Reduces Endothelin-1 Plasma Concentration in Moderately Hypercholesterolemic Individuals Independently of Their Cholesterol-Lowering Properties Oliveira Godoy Ilha, Angela Sutti Nunes, Valeria Silva Afonso, Milessa Regina Nakandakare, Edna da Silva Ferreira, Guilherme de Paula Assis Bombo, Renata Rodrigues Giorgi, Ricardo Marcondes Machado, Roberta Carlos Rocha Quintão, Eder Lottenberg, Ana Maria Nutrients Article Experimental and clinical studies have demonstrated the effect of phytosterols (PS) on reducing plasma levels of cholesterol and LDL-c, but the effects of plant sterols beyond cholesterol-lowering are still questionable. Since inflammation and endothelial dysfunction are involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, this study aims to evaluate the effect of PS on biomarkers involved in atherosclerosis progression and whether these effects are independent of alterations in plasma LDL-c levels. Thirty-eight moderately hypercholesterolemic volunteers (58 ± 12 years; LDL-c ≥ 130 mg/dL) were randomly assigned to consume 400 mL/day of soy milk or soy milk + PS (1.6 g/day) for 4 weeks in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study. Blood samples were collected and lipid profiles and biomarkers for inflammation and endothelial dysfunction determined. The results showed that PS treatment reduced endothelin-1 plasma concentration by 11% (p = 0.02) independently of variations in plasma levels of LDL-c. No alterations were observed regarding fibrinogen, IL-6, hs-CRP, SAA, TNFα, or VCAM-1 between placebo and PS-treated groups. Furthermore, PS reduced total plasma cholesterol concentration (−5,5%, p < 0.001), LDL-c (−6.4%, p < 0.05), triglycerides (−8.3%, p < 0.05), and apo B (−5.3%, p < 0.05), without changing HDL-c concentration (p > 0.05). Therefore, PS supplementation effectively lowers endothelin-1 independently of the reductions in plasma levels of LDL-c, contributing to the comprehension of the effect of plant sterols on endothelial function and prevention of cardiovascular diseases. MDPI 2020-05-22 /pmc/articles/PMC7284494/ /pubmed/32455866 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12051507 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Oliveira Godoy Ilha, Angela Sutti Nunes, Valeria Silva Afonso, Milessa Regina Nakandakare, Edna da Silva Ferreira, Guilherme de Paula Assis Bombo, Renata Rodrigues Giorgi, Ricardo Marcondes Machado, Roberta Carlos Rocha Quintão, Eder Lottenberg, Ana Maria Phytosterols Supplementation Reduces Endothelin-1 Plasma Concentration in Moderately Hypercholesterolemic Individuals Independently of Their Cholesterol-Lowering Properties |
title | Phytosterols Supplementation Reduces Endothelin-1 Plasma Concentration in Moderately Hypercholesterolemic Individuals Independently of Their Cholesterol-Lowering Properties |
title_full | Phytosterols Supplementation Reduces Endothelin-1 Plasma Concentration in Moderately Hypercholesterolemic Individuals Independently of Their Cholesterol-Lowering Properties |
title_fullStr | Phytosterols Supplementation Reduces Endothelin-1 Plasma Concentration in Moderately Hypercholesterolemic Individuals Independently of Their Cholesterol-Lowering Properties |
title_full_unstemmed | Phytosterols Supplementation Reduces Endothelin-1 Plasma Concentration in Moderately Hypercholesterolemic Individuals Independently of Their Cholesterol-Lowering Properties |
title_short | Phytosterols Supplementation Reduces Endothelin-1 Plasma Concentration in Moderately Hypercholesterolemic Individuals Independently of Their Cholesterol-Lowering Properties |
title_sort | phytosterols supplementation reduces endothelin-1 plasma concentration in moderately hypercholesterolemic individuals independently of their cholesterol-lowering properties |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7284494/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32455866 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12051507 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT oliveiragodoyilhaangela phytosterolssupplementationreducesendothelin1plasmaconcentrationinmoderatelyhypercholesterolemicindividualsindependentlyoftheircholesterolloweringproperties AT suttinunesvaleria phytosterolssupplementationreducesendothelin1plasmaconcentrationinmoderatelyhypercholesterolemicindividualsindependentlyoftheircholesterolloweringproperties AT silvaafonsomilessa phytosterolssupplementationreducesendothelin1plasmaconcentrationinmoderatelyhypercholesterolemicindividualsindependentlyoftheircholesterolloweringproperties AT reginanakandakareedna phytosterolssupplementationreducesendothelin1plasmaconcentrationinmoderatelyhypercholesterolemicindividualsindependentlyoftheircholesterolloweringproperties AT dasilvaferreiraguilherme phytosterolssupplementationreducesendothelin1plasmaconcentrationinmoderatelyhypercholesterolemicindividualsindependentlyoftheircholesterolloweringproperties AT depaulaassisbomborenata phytosterolssupplementationreducesendothelin1plasmaconcentrationinmoderatelyhypercholesterolemicindividualsindependentlyoftheircholesterolloweringproperties AT rodriguesgiorgiricardo phytosterolssupplementationreducesendothelin1plasmaconcentrationinmoderatelyhypercholesterolemicindividualsindependentlyoftheircholesterolloweringproperties AT marcondesmachadoroberta phytosterolssupplementationreducesendothelin1plasmaconcentrationinmoderatelyhypercholesterolemicindividualsindependentlyoftheircholesterolloweringproperties AT carlosrochaquintaoeder phytosterolssupplementationreducesendothelin1plasmaconcentrationinmoderatelyhypercholesterolemicindividualsindependentlyoftheircholesterolloweringproperties AT lottenberganamaria phytosterolssupplementationreducesendothelin1plasmaconcentrationinmoderatelyhypercholesterolemicindividualsindependentlyoftheircholesterolloweringproperties |