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The Effects of Two Intervention Strategies to Reduce the Intake of Salt and the Sodium-To-Potassium Ratio on Cardiovascular Risk Factors. A 4-Month Randomised Controlled Study among Healthy Families
The aim was to examine the effects of two different salt reduction strategies on selected cardiovascular risk factors. The study was a four-month cluster randomised controlled study. Eighty-nine healthy Danish families (309 individuals) were randomly assigned to either (A) gradually salt-reduced bre...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7284652/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32438659 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12051467 |
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author | Toft, Ulla Riis, Nanna Louise Lassen, Anne Dahl Trolle, Ellen Andreasen, Anne Helms Frederiksen, Amalie Kruse Sigersted Joergensen, Niklas Rye Munk, Jens Kristian Bjoernsbo, Kirsten Schroll |
author_facet | Toft, Ulla Riis, Nanna Louise Lassen, Anne Dahl Trolle, Ellen Andreasen, Anne Helms Frederiksen, Amalie Kruse Sigersted Joergensen, Niklas Rye Munk, Jens Kristian Bjoernsbo, Kirsten Schroll |
author_sort | Toft, Ulla |
collection | PubMed |
description | The aim was to examine the effects of two different salt reduction strategies on selected cardiovascular risk factors. The study was a four-month cluster randomised controlled study. Eighty-nine healthy Danish families (309 individuals) were randomly assigned to either (A) gradually salt-reduced bread, (B) gradually salt-reduced bread and dietary counselling to further reduce salt intake and increase potassium intake or (C) standard bread (control). The effect was assessed using linear mixed models. Intention to treat analyses comparing changes in the three groups showed a significant reduction in body fat percent (−1.31% (−2.40; −0.23)) and a borderline significant reduction in total plasma cholesterol (−0.25 mmol/L (−0.51; 0.01) and plasma renin (−0.19 pmol/L (−0.39; 0.00) in group A compared to the control group. Adjusted complete case analyses showed a significant reduction in total plasma cholesterol (−0.29 mmol/L (−0.50; −0.08), plasma LDL cholesterol (−0.08 mmol/L (−0.15; −0.00)), plasma renin (−0.23 pmol/L (−0.41; −0.05)), plasma adrenaline (−0.03 nmol/L (−0.06; −0.01)) and body fat percent (−1.53% (−2.51; −0.54)) in group A compared to the control group. No significant changes were found in group B compared to the control group. In conclusion, receiving sodium reduce bread was associated with beneficial changes in cardiovascular risk factors. No adverse effects were observed. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7284652 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-72846522020-06-15 The Effects of Two Intervention Strategies to Reduce the Intake of Salt and the Sodium-To-Potassium Ratio on Cardiovascular Risk Factors. A 4-Month Randomised Controlled Study among Healthy Families Toft, Ulla Riis, Nanna Louise Lassen, Anne Dahl Trolle, Ellen Andreasen, Anne Helms Frederiksen, Amalie Kruse Sigersted Joergensen, Niklas Rye Munk, Jens Kristian Bjoernsbo, Kirsten Schroll Nutrients Article The aim was to examine the effects of two different salt reduction strategies on selected cardiovascular risk factors. The study was a four-month cluster randomised controlled study. Eighty-nine healthy Danish families (309 individuals) were randomly assigned to either (A) gradually salt-reduced bread, (B) gradually salt-reduced bread and dietary counselling to further reduce salt intake and increase potassium intake or (C) standard bread (control). The effect was assessed using linear mixed models. Intention to treat analyses comparing changes in the three groups showed a significant reduction in body fat percent (−1.31% (−2.40; −0.23)) and a borderline significant reduction in total plasma cholesterol (−0.25 mmol/L (−0.51; 0.01) and plasma renin (−0.19 pmol/L (−0.39; 0.00) in group A compared to the control group. Adjusted complete case analyses showed a significant reduction in total plasma cholesterol (−0.29 mmol/L (−0.50; −0.08), plasma LDL cholesterol (−0.08 mmol/L (−0.15; −0.00)), plasma renin (−0.23 pmol/L (−0.41; −0.05)), plasma adrenaline (−0.03 nmol/L (−0.06; −0.01)) and body fat percent (−1.53% (−2.51; −0.54)) in group A compared to the control group. No significant changes were found in group B compared to the control group. In conclusion, receiving sodium reduce bread was associated with beneficial changes in cardiovascular risk factors. No adverse effects were observed. MDPI 2020-05-19 /pmc/articles/PMC7284652/ /pubmed/32438659 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12051467 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Toft, Ulla Riis, Nanna Louise Lassen, Anne Dahl Trolle, Ellen Andreasen, Anne Helms Frederiksen, Amalie Kruse Sigersted Joergensen, Niklas Rye Munk, Jens Kristian Bjoernsbo, Kirsten Schroll The Effects of Two Intervention Strategies to Reduce the Intake of Salt and the Sodium-To-Potassium Ratio on Cardiovascular Risk Factors. A 4-Month Randomised Controlled Study among Healthy Families |
title | The Effects of Two Intervention Strategies to Reduce the Intake of Salt and the Sodium-To-Potassium Ratio on Cardiovascular Risk Factors. A 4-Month Randomised Controlled Study among Healthy Families |
title_full | The Effects of Two Intervention Strategies to Reduce the Intake of Salt and the Sodium-To-Potassium Ratio on Cardiovascular Risk Factors. A 4-Month Randomised Controlled Study among Healthy Families |
title_fullStr | The Effects of Two Intervention Strategies to Reduce the Intake of Salt and the Sodium-To-Potassium Ratio on Cardiovascular Risk Factors. A 4-Month Randomised Controlled Study among Healthy Families |
title_full_unstemmed | The Effects of Two Intervention Strategies to Reduce the Intake of Salt and the Sodium-To-Potassium Ratio on Cardiovascular Risk Factors. A 4-Month Randomised Controlled Study among Healthy Families |
title_short | The Effects of Two Intervention Strategies to Reduce the Intake of Salt and the Sodium-To-Potassium Ratio on Cardiovascular Risk Factors. A 4-Month Randomised Controlled Study among Healthy Families |
title_sort | effects of two intervention strategies to reduce the intake of salt and the sodium-to-potassium ratio on cardiovascular risk factors. a 4-month randomised controlled study among healthy families |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7284652/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32438659 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12051467 |
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