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COVID-19: The Inflammation Link and the Role of Nutrition in Potential Mitigation

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has engulfed the world, affecting more than 180 countries. As a result, there has been considerable economic distress globally and a significant loss of life. Sadly, the vulnerabl...

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Autores principales: Zabetakis, Ioannis, Lordan, Ronan, Norton, Catherine, Tsoupras, Alexandros
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7284818/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32438620
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12051466
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author Zabetakis, Ioannis
Lordan, Ronan
Norton, Catherine
Tsoupras, Alexandros
author_facet Zabetakis, Ioannis
Lordan, Ronan
Norton, Catherine
Tsoupras, Alexandros
author_sort Zabetakis, Ioannis
collection PubMed
description The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has engulfed the world, affecting more than 180 countries. As a result, there has been considerable economic distress globally and a significant loss of life. Sadly, the vulnerable and immunocompromised in our societies seem to be more susceptible to severe COVID-19 complications. Global public health bodies and governments have ignited strategies and issued advisories on various handwashing and hygiene guidelines, social distancing strategies, and, in the most extreme cases, some countries have adopted “stay in place” or lockdown protocols to prevent COVID-19 spread. Notably, there are several significant risk factors for severe COVID-19 infection. These include the presence of poor nutritional status and pre-existing noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) such as diabetes mellitus, chronic lung diseases, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), obesity, and various other diseases that render the patient immunocompromised. These diseases are characterized by systemic inflammation, which may be a common feature of these NCDs, affecting patient outcomes against COVID-19. In this review, we discuss some of the anti-inflammatory therapies that are currently under investigation intended to dampen the cytokine storm of severe COVID-19 infections. Furthermore, nutritional status and the role of diet and lifestyle is considered, as it is known to affect patient outcomes in other severe infections and may play a role in COVID-19 infection. This review speculates the importance of nutrition as a mitigation strategy to support immune function amid the COVID-19 pandemic, identifying food groups and key nutrients of importance that may affect the outcomes of respiratory infections.
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spelling pubmed-72848182020-06-15 COVID-19: The Inflammation Link and the Role of Nutrition in Potential Mitigation Zabetakis, Ioannis Lordan, Ronan Norton, Catherine Tsoupras, Alexandros Nutrients Review The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has engulfed the world, affecting more than 180 countries. As a result, there has been considerable economic distress globally and a significant loss of life. Sadly, the vulnerable and immunocompromised in our societies seem to be more susceptible to severe COVID-19 complications. Global public health bodies and governments have ignited strategies and issued advisories on various handwashing and hygiene guidelines, social distancing strategies, and, in the most extreme cases, some countries have adopted “stay in place” or lockdown protocols to prevent COVID-19 spread. Notably, there are several significant risk factors for severe COVID-19 infection. These include the presence of poor nutritional status and pre-existing noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) such as diabetes mellitus, chronic lung diseases, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), obesity, and various other diseases that render the patient immunocompromised. These diseases are characterized by systemic inflammation, which may be a common feature of these NCDs, affecting patient outcomes against COVID-19. In this review, we discuss some of the anti-inflammatory therapies that are currently under investigation intended to dampen the cytokine storm of severe COVID-19 infections. Furthermore, nutritional status and the role of diet and lifestyle is considered, as it is known to affect patient outcomes in other severe infections and may play a role in COVID-19 infection. This review speculates the importance of nutrition as a mitigation strategy to support immune function amid the COVID-19 pandemic, identifying food groups and key nutrients of importance that may affect the outcomes of respiratory infections. MDPI 2020-05-19 /pmc/articles/PMC7284818/ /pubmed/32438620 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12051466 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Zabetakis, Ioannis
Lordan, Ronan
Norton, Catherine
Tsoupras, Alexandros
COVID-19: The Inflammation Link and the Role of Nutrition in Potential Mitigation
title COVID-19: The Inflammation Link and the Role of Nutrition in Potential Mitigation
title_full COVID-19: The Inflammation Link and the Role of Nutrition in Potential Mitigation
title_fullStr COVID-19: The Inflammation Link and the Role of Nutrition in Potential Mitigation
title_full_unstemmed COVID-19: The Inflammation Link and the Role of Nutrition in Potential Mitigation
title_short COVID-19: The Inflammation Link and the Role of Nutrition in Potential Mitigation
title_sort covid-19: the inflammation link and the role of nutrition in potential mitigation
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7284818/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32438620
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12051466
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