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Salt Tolerance and Na Allocation in Sorghum bicolor under Variable Soil and Water Salinity

Salinity is a major constraint for plant growth in world areas exposed to salinization. Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench is a species that has received attention for biomass production in saline areas thanks to drought and salinity tolerance. To improve the knowledge in the mechanisms of salt tolerance a...

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Autores principales: Calone, Roberta, Sanoubar, Rabab, Lambertini, Carla, Speranza, Maria, Vittori Antisari, Livia, Vianello, Gilmo, Barbanti, Lorenzo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7284944/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32354055
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9050561
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author Calone, Roberta
Sanoubar, Rabab
Lambertini, Carla
Speranza, Maria
Vittori Antisari, Livia
Vianello, Gilmo
Barbanti, Lorenzo
author_facet Calone, Roberta
Sanoubar, Rabab
Lambertini, Carla
Speranza, Maria
Vittori Antisari, Livia
Vianello, Gilmo
Barbanti, Lorenzo
author_sort Calone, Roberta
collection PubMed
description Salinity is a major constraint for plant growth in world areas exposed to salinization. Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench is a species that has received attention for biomass production in saline areas thanks to drought and salinity tolerance. To improve the knowledge in the mechanisms of salt tolerance and sodium allocation to plant organs, a pot experiment was set up. The experimental design combined three levels of soil salinity (0, 3, and 6 dS m(−1)) with three levels of water salinity (0, 2–4, and 4–8 dS m(−1)) and two water regimes: no salt leaching (No SL) and salt leaching (SL). This latter regime was carried out with the same three water salinity levels and resulted in average +81% water supply. High soil salinity associated with high water salinity (HSS-HWS) affected plant growth and final dry weight (DW) to a greater extent in No SL (−87% DW) than SL (−42% DW). Additionally, HSS-HWS determined a stronger decrease in leaf water potential and relative water content under No SL than SL. HSS-HWS with No SL resulted in a higher Na bioaccumulation from soil to plant and in translocation from roots to stem and, finally, leaves, which are the most sensitive organ. Higher water availability (SL), although determining higher salt input when associated with HWS, limited Na bioaccumulation, prevented Na translocation to leaves, and enhanced selective absorption of Ca vs. Na. At plant level, higher Na accumulation was associated with lower Ca and Mg accumulation, especially in No SL. This indicates altered ion homeostasis and cation unbalance.
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spelling pubmed-72849442020-06-17 Salt Tolerance and Na Allocation in Sorghum bicolor under Variable Soil and Water Salinity Calone, Roberta Sanoubar, Rabab Lambertini, Carla Speranza, Maria Vittori Antisari, Livia Vianello, Gilmo Barbanti, Lorenzo Plants (Basel) Article Salinity is a major constraint for plant growth in world areas exposed to salinization. Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench is a species that has received attention for biomass production in saline areas thanks to drought and salinity tolerance. To improve the knowledge in the mechanisms of salt tolerance and sodium allocation to plant organs, a pot experiment was set up. The experimental design combined three levels of soil salinity (0, 3, and 6 dS m(−1)) with three levels of water salinity (0, 2–4, and 4–8 dS m(−1)) and two water regimes: no salt leaching (No SL) and salt leaching (SL). This latter regime was carried out with the same three water salinity levels and resulted in average +81% water supply. High soil salinity associated with high water salinity (HSS-HWS) affected plant growth and final dry weight (DW) to a greater extent in No SL (−87% DW) than SL (−42% DW). Additionally, HSS-HWS determined a stronger decrease in leaf water potential and relative water content under No SL than SL. HSS-HWS with No SL resulted in a higher Na bioaccumulation from soil to plant and in translocation from roots to stem and, finally, leaves, which are the most sensitive organ. Higher water availability (SL), although determining higher salt input when associated with HWS, limited Na bioaccumulation, prevented Na translocation to leaves, and enhanced selective absorption of Ca vs. Na. At plant level, higher Na accumulation was associated with lower Ca and Mg accumulation, especially in No SL. This indicates altered ion homeostasis and cation unbalance. MDPI 2020-04-28 /pmc/articles/PMC7284944/ /pubmed/32354055 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9050561 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Calone, Roberta
Sanoubar, Rabab
Lambertini, Carla
Speranza, Maria
Vittori Antisari, Livia
Vianello, Gilmo
Barbanti, Lorenzo
Salt Tolerance and Na Allocation in Sorghum bicolor under Variable Soil and Water Salinity
title Salt Tolerance and Na Allocation in Sorghum bicolor under Variable Soil and Water Salinity
title_full Salt Tolerance and Na Allocation in Sorghum bicolor under Variable Soil and Water Salinity
title_fullStr Salt Tolerance and Na Allocation in Sorghum bicolor under Variable Soil and Water Salinity
title_full_unstemmed Salt Tolerance and Na Allocation in Sorghum bicolor under Variable Soil and Water Salinity
title_short Salt Tolerance and Na Allocation in Sorghum bicolor under Variable Soil and Water Salinity
title_sort salt tolerance and na allocation in sorghum bicolor under variable soil and water salinity
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7284944/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32354055
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9050561
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