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Phytochemical Analysis and Biological Investigation of Nepeta juncea Benth. Different Extracts
This study was carried out to screen the amount and the classes of secondary metabolites and to evaluate the antioxidant, cytotoxic, antifungal, and antibacterial activities of the methanolic, ethanolic, and water extracts of the roots, leaves, and flowers of Nepeta juncea Benth. The results show th...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7286030/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32438667 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9050646 |
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author | Sharifi-Rad, Majid Epifano, Francesco Fiorito, Serena Álvarez-Suarez, José M. |
author_facet | Sharifi-Rad, Majid Epifano, Francesco Fiorito, Serena Álvarez-Suarez, José M. |
author_sort | Sharifi-Rad, Majid |
collection | PubMed |
description | This study was carried out to screen the amount and the classes of secondary metabolites and to evaluate the antioxidant, cytotoxic, antifungal, and antibacterial activities of the methanolic, ethanolic, and water extracts of the roots, leaves, and flowers of Nepeta juncea Benth. The results show that the highest total phenol (69.54 ± 0.31 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g dry weight), total flavonoid (41.37 ± 0.17 mg quercetin equivalents (QE)/g dry weight), anthocyanin (6.52 ± 0.21 mg cyanidin/100 g dry weight), and tannin (47.36 ± 0.33 mg catechin/g dry weight) concentrations were recorded in the methanolic extract of the leaves of N. juncea. The gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis of the extracts showed that 1,8-cineole, 4aα-7α-7aα-nepetalactone, β-pinene, terpinen-4-ol, and α-terpineol were the major compounds, respectively. The best 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and ferric-reducing antioxidant, cytotoxic, antifungal, and antibacterial activities were observed for the methanolic extract of the leaves. For the two latter activities, the best activity was revealed on Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, and Candida albicans. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for the antimicrobial of the methanolic extract from the leaves were in the range of 25–100 µg/mL, whereas the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values were in the range of 50–200 µg/mL. The results reported herein show that, for the first time in the literature, N. juncea is a remarkable source of antioxidant, antifungal, and antibacterial compounds. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7286030 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-72860302020-06-15 Phytochemical Analysis and Biological Investigation of Nepeta juncea Benth. Different Extracts Sharifi-Rad, Majid Epifano, Francesco Fiorito, Serena Álvarez-Suarez, José M. Plants (Basel) Article This study was carried out to screen the amount and the classes of secondary metabolites and to evaluate the antioxidant, cytotoxic, antifungal, and antibacterial activities of the methanolic, ethanolic, and water extracts of the roots, leaves, and flowers of Nepeta juncea Benth. The results show that the highest total phenol (69.54 ± 0.31 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g dry weight), total flavonoid (41.37 ± 0.17 mg quercetin equivalents (QE)/g dry weight), anthocyanin (6.52 ± 0.21 mg cyanidin/100 g dry weight), and tannin (47.36 ± 0.33 mg catechin/g dry weight) concentrations were recorded in the methanolic extract of the leaves of N. juncea. The gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis of the extracts showed that 1,8-cineole, 4aα-7α-7aα-nepetalactone, β-pinene, terpinen-4-ol, and α-terpineol were the major compounds, respectively. The best 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and ferric-reducing antioxidant, cytotoxic, antifungal, and antibacterial activities were observed for the methanolic extract of the leaves. For the two latter activities, the best activity was revealed on Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, and Candida albicans. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for the antimicrobial of the methanolic extract from the leaves were in the range of 25–100 µg/mL, whereas the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values were in the range of 50–200 µg/mL. The results reported herein show that, for the first time in the literature, N. juncea is a remarkable source of antioxidant, antifungal, and antibacterial compounds. MDPI 2020-05-19 /pmc/articles/PMC7286030/ /pubmed/32438667 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9050646 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Sharifi-Rad, Majid Epifano, Francesco Fiorito, Serena Álvarez-Suarez, José M. Phytochemical Analysis and Biological Investigation of Nepeta juncea Benth. Different Extracts |
title | Phytochemical Analysis and Biological Investigation of Nepeta juncea Benth. Different Extracts |
title_full | Phytochemical Analysis and Biological Investigation of Nepeta juncea Benth. Different Extracts |
title_fullStr | Phytochemical Analysis and Biological Investigation of Nepeta juncea Benth. Different Extracts |
title_full_unstemmed | Phytochemical Analysis and Biological Investigation of Nepeta juncea Benth. Different Extracts |
title_short | Phytochemical Analysis and Biological Investigation of Nepeta juncea Benth. Different Extracts |
title_sort | phytochemical analysis and biological investigation of nepeta juncea benth. different extracts |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7286030/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32438667 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9050646 |
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