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Electrochemical nitrite sensing for urine nitrification

Sensing nitrite in-situ in wastewater treatment processes could greatly simplify process control, especially during treatment of high-strength nitrogen wastewaters such as digester supernatant or, as in our case, urine. The two technologies available today, i.e. an on-line nitrite analyzer and a spe...

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Autores principales: Britschgi, Livia, Villez, Kris, Schrems, Peter, Udert, Kai M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7287277/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32551436
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wroa.2020.100055
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author Britschgi, Livia
Villez, Kris
Schrems, Peter
Udert, Kai M.
author_facet Britschgi, Livia
Villez, Kris
Schrems, Peter
Udert, Kai M.
author_sort Britschgi, Livia
collection PubMed
description Sensing nitrite in-situ in wastewater treatment processes could greatly simplify process control, especially during treatment of high-strength nitrogen wastewaters such as digester supernatant or, as in our case, urine. The two technologies available today, i.e. an on-line nitrite analyzer and a spectrophotometric sensor, have strong limitations such as sample preparation, cost of ownership and strong interferences. A promising alternative is the amperometric measurement of nitrite, which we assessed in this study. We investigated the sensor in a urine nitrification reactor and in ex-situ experiments. Based on theoretical calculations as well as a practical approach, we determined that the critical nitrite concentrations for nitrite oxidizing bacteria lie between 12 and 30 mg(N)/L at pH 6 to 6.8. Consequently, we decided that the sensor should be able to reliably measure concentrations up to 50 mg(N)/L, which is about double the value of the critical nitrite concentration. We found that the influences of various ambient conditions, such as temperature, pH, electric conductivity and aeration rate, in the ranges expected in urine nitrification systems, are negligible. For low nitrite concentrations, as expected in municipal wastewater treatment, the tested amperometric nitrite sensor was not sufficiently sensitive. Nevertheless, the sensor delivered reliable measurements for nitrite concentrations of 5–50 mg(N)/L or higher. This means that the amperometric nitrite sensor allows detection of critical nitrite concentrations without difficulty in high-strength nitrogen conversion processes, such as the nitrification of human urine.
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spelling pubmed-72872772020-06-17 Electrochemical nitrite sensing for urine nitrification Britschgi, Livia Villez, Kris Schrems, Peter Udert, Kai M. Water Res X Full Paper Sensing nitrite in-situ in wastewater treatment processes could greatly simplify process control, especially during treatment of high-strength nitrogen wastewaters such as digester supernatant or, as in our case, urine. The two technologies available today, i.e. an on-line nitrite analyzer and a spectrophotometric sensor, have strong limitations such as sample preparation, cost of ownership and strong interferences. A promising alternative is the amperometric measurement of nitrite, which we assessed in this study. We investigated the sensor in a urine nitrification reactor and in ex-situ experiments. Based on theoretical calculations as well as a practical approach, we determined that the critical nitrite concentrations for nitrite oxidizing bacteria lie between 12 and 30 mg(N)/L at pH 6 to 6.8. Consequently, we decided that the sensor should be able to reliably measure concentrations up to 50 mg(N)/L, which is about double the value of the critical nitrite concentration. We found that the influences of various ambient conditions, such as temperature, pH, electric conductivity and aeration rate, in the ranges expected in urine nitrification systems, are negligible. For low nitrite concentrations, as expected in municipal wastewater treatment, the tested amperometric nitrite sensor was not sufficiently sensitive. Nevertheless, the sensor delivered reliable measurements for nitrite concentrations of 5–50 mg(N)/L or higher. This means that the amperometric nitrite sensor allows detection of critical nitrite concentrations without difficulty in high-strength nitrogen conversion processes, such as the nitrification of human urine. Elsevier 2020-05-23 /pmc/articles/PMC7287277/ /pubmed/32551436 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wroa.2020.100055 Text en © 2020 The Authors http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Full Paper
Britschgi, Livia
Villez, Kris
Schrems, Peter
Udert, Kai M.
Electrochemical nitrite sensing for urine nitrification
title Electrochemical nitrite sensing for urine nitrification
title_full Electrochemical nitrite sensing for urine nitrification
title_fullStr Electrochemical nitrite sensing for urine nitrification
title_full_unstemmed Electrochemical nitrite sensing for urine nitrification
title_short Electrochemical nitrite sensing for urine nitrification
title_sort electrochemical nitrite sensing for urine nitrification
topic Full Paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7287277/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32551436
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wroa.2020.100055
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