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Identification of the Volatile Components of Galium verum L. and Cruciata leavipes Opiz from the Western Italian Alps

The chemical composition of the volatile fraction from Galium verum L. (leaves and flowers) and Cruciata laevipes Opiz (whole plant), Rubiaceae, was investigated. Samples from these two plant species were collected at full bloom in Val di Susa (Western Alps, Turin, Italy), distilled in a Clevenger-t...

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Autores principales: Tava, Aldo, Biazzi, Elisa, Ronga, Domenico, Avato, Pinarosa
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7287616/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32429453
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25102333
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author Tava, Aldo
Biazzi, Elisa
Ronga, Domenico
Avato, Pinarosa
author_facet Tava, Aldo
Biazzi, Elisa
Ronga, Domenico
Avato, Pinarosa
author_sort Tava, Aldo
collection PubMed
description The chemical composition of the volatile fraction from Galium verum L. (leaves and flowers) and Cruciata laevipes Opiz (whole plant), Rubiaceae, was investigated. Samples from these two plant species were collected at full bloom in Val di Susa (Western Alps, Turin, Italy), distilled in a Clevenger-type apparatus, and analyzed by GC/FID and GC/MS. A total of more than 70 compounds were identified, making up 92%–98% of the total oil. Chemical investigation of their essential oils indicated a quite different composition between G. verum and C. laevipes, both in terms of the major constituents and the dominant chemical classes of the specialized metabolites. The most abundant compounds identified in the essential oils from G. verum were 2-methylbenzaldheyde (26.27%, corresponding to 11.59 μg/g of fresh plant material) in the leaves and germacrene D (27.70%; 61.63 μg/g) in the flowers. C. laevipes essential oils were instead characterized by two sesquiterpenes, namely β-caryophyllene (19.90%; 15.68 μg/g) and trans-muurola-4(15),5-diene (7.60%; 5.99 μg/g); two phenylpropanoids, benzyl alcohol (8.30%; 6.71 μg/g), and phenylacetaldehyde (7.74%; 6.26 μg/g); and the green-leaf alcohol cis-3-hexen-1-ol (9.69%; 7.84 μg/g). The ecological significance of the presence of such compounds is discussed.
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spelling pubmed-72876162020-06-15 Identification of the Volatile Components of Galium verum L. and Cruciata leavipes Opiz from the Western Italian Alps Tava, Aldo Biazzi, Elisa Ronga, Domenico Avato, Pinarosa Molecules Article The chemical composition of the volatile fraction from Galium verum L. (leaves and flowers) and Cruciata laevipes Opiz (whole plant), Rubiaceae, was investigated. Samples from these two plant species were collected at full bloom in Val di Susa (Western Alps, Turin, Italy), distilled in a Clevenger-type apparatus, and analyzed by GC/FID and GC/MS. A total of more than 70 compounds were identified, making up 92%–98% of the total oil. Chemical investigation of their essential oils indicated a quite different composition between G. verum and C. laevipes, both in terms of the major constituents and the dominant chemical classes of the specialized metabolites. The most abundant compounds identified in the essential oils from G. verum were 2-methylbenzaldheyde (26.27%, corresponding to 11.59 μg/g of fresh plant material) in the leaves and germacrene D (27.70%; 61.63 μg/g) in the flowers. C. laevipes essential oils were instead characterized by two sesquiterpenes, namely β-caryophyllene (19.90%; 15.68 μg/g) and trans-muurola-4(15),5-diene (7.60%; 5.99 μg/g); two phenylpropanoids, benzyl alcohol (8.30%; 6.71 μg/g), and phenylacetaldehyde (7.74%; 6.26 μg/g); and the green-leaf alcohol cis-3-hexen-1-ol (9.69%; 7.84 μg/g). The ecological significance of the presence of such compounds is discussed. MDPI 2020-05-16 /pmc/articles/PMC7287616/ /pubmed/32429453 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25102333 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Tava, Aldo
Biazzi, Elisa
Ronga, Domenico
Avato, Pinarosa
Identification of the Volatile Components of Galium verum L. and Cruciata leavipes Opiz from the Western Italian Alps
title Identification of the Volatile Components of Galium verum L. and Cruciata leavipes Opiz from the Western Italian Alps
title_full Identification of the Volatile Components of Galium verum L. and Cruciata leavipes Opiz from the Western Italian Alps
title_fullStr Identification of the Volatile Components of Galium verum L. and Cruciata leavipes Opiz from the Western Italian Alps
title_full_unstemmed Identification of the Volatile Components of Galium verum L. and Cruciata leavipes Opiz from the Western Italian Alps
title_short Identification of the Volatile Components of Galium verum L. and Cruciata leavipes Opiz from the Western Italian Alps
title_sort identification of the volatile components of galium verum l. and cruciata leavipes opiz from the western italian alps
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7287616/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32429453
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25102333
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