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The Ocular Surface and the Coronavirus Disease 2019: Does a Dual ‘Ocular Route’ Exist?
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an important health problem that was defined as a pandemic by the World Health Organization on 11 March 2020. Although great concern has been expressed about COVID-19 infection acquired through ocular transmission, its underlying mechanism has not currently bee...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7287662/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32353982 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9051269 |
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author | Napoli, Pietro Emanuele Nioi, Matteo d’Aloja, Ernesto Fossarello, Maurizio |
author_facet | Napoli, Pietro Emanuele Nioi, Matteo d’Aloja, Ernesto Fossarello, Maurizio |
author_sort | Napoli, Pietro Emanuele |
collection | PubMed |
description | Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an important health problem that was defined as a pandemic by the World Health Organization on 11 March 2020. Although great concern has been expressed about COVID-19 infection acquired through ocular transmission, its underlying mechanism has not currently been clarified. In the current work, we analyzed and elucidated the two main elements that should be taken into account to understand the “ocular route”, both from a clinical and molecular point of view. They are represented by the dynamism of the ocular surface system (e.g., the tear film turnover) and the distribution of ACE2 receptors and TMPRSS2 protein. Although it seems, at the moment, that there is a low risk of coronavirus spreading through tears, it may survive for a long time or replicate in the conjunctiva, even in absence of conjunctivitis signs, indicating that eye protection (e.g., protective goggles alone or in association with face shield) is advisable to prevent contamination from external droplets and aerosol. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7287662 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-72876622020-06-15 The Ocular Surface and the Coronavirus Disease 2019: Does a Dual ‘Ocular Route’ Exist? Napoli, Pietro Emanuele Nioi, Matteo d’Aloja, Ernesto Fossarello, Maurizio J Clin Med Editorial Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an important health problem that was defined as a pandemic by the World Health Organization on 11 March 2020. Although great concern has been expressed about COVID-19 infection acquired through ocular transmission, its underlying mechanism has not currently been clarified. In the current work, we analyzed and elucidated the two main elements that should be taken into account to understand the “ocular route”, both from a clinical and molecular point of view. They are represented by the dynamism of the ocular surface system (e.g., the tear film turnover) and the distribution of ACE2 receptors and TMPRSS2 protein. Although it seems, at the moment, that there is a low risk of coronavirus spreading through tears, it may survive for a long time or replicate in the conjunctiva, even in absence of conjunctivitis signs, indicating that eye protection (e.g., protective goggles alone or in association with face shield) is advisable to prevent contamination from external droplets and aerosol. MDPI 2020-04-28 /pmc/articles/PMC7287662/ /pubmed/32353982 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9051269 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Editorial Napoli, Pietro Emanuele Nioi, Matteo d’Aloja, Ernesto Fossarello, Maurizio The Ocular Surface and the Coronavirus Disease 2019: Does a Dual ‘Ocular Route’ Exist? |
title | The Ocular Surface and the Coronavirus Disease 2019: Does a Dual ‘Ocular Route’ Exist? |
title_full | The Ocular Surface and the Coronavirus Disease 2019: Does a Dual ‘Ocular Route’ Exist? |
title_fullStr | The Ocular Surface and the Coronavirus Disease 2019: Does a Dual ‘Ocular Route’ Exist? |
title_full_unstemmed | The Ocular Surface and the Coronavirus Disease 2019: Does a Dual ‘Ocular Route’ Exist? |
title_short | The Ocular Surface and the Coronavirus Disease 2019: Does a Dual ‘Ocular Route’ Exist? |
title_sort | ocular surface and the coronavirus disease 2019: does a dual ‘ocular route’ exist? |
topic | Editorial |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7287662/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32353982 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9051269 |
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