Performance Evaluations of PC5-Based Cellular-V2X Mode 4 for Feasibility Analysis of Driver Assistance Systems with Crash Warning

This paper presents the communication performance of PC5-based Cellular-Vehicle-to-Everything mode 4 (called mode 4) to measure the feasibility of a Crash Warning System (called CWS). The CWS requires nodes (e.g., cars or pedestrians) to update its location information ten times per second. This requirement provides us with a channel congestion problem. To investigate feasibility in terms of channel congestion, we evaluated communication performance in various crash scenarios by computer simulation. One of the serious scenarios is a crowded environment like large intersections. In the uniform node distribution, in which we evaluated average performance, mode 4 accommodated 26% fewer nodes than the expected one; in a realistic node distribution, mode 4 achieved 55% worse performance than the CWS requirements. Our results highlighted the need for performance improvements of mode 4 for CWS in practical uses.