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The Microbiome in Cystic Fibrosis Pulmonary Disease

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease with mutational changes leading to profound dysbiosis, both pulmonary and intestinal, from a very young age. This dysbiosis plays an important role in clinical manifestations, particularly in the lungs, affected by chronic infection. The range of microbiolog...

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Autores principales: Françoise, Alice, Héry-Arnaud, Geneviève
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7288443/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32403302
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11050536
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author Françoise, Alice
Héry-Arnaud, Geneviève
author_facet Françoise, Alice
Héry-Arnaud, Geneviève
author_sort Françoise, Alice
collection PubMed
description Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease with mutational changes leading to profound dysbiosis, both pulmonary and intestinal, from a very young age. This dysbiosis plays an important role in clinical manifestations, particularly in the lungs, affected by chronic infection. The range of microbiological tools has recently been enriched by metagenomics based on next-generation sequencing (NGS). Currently applied essentially in a gene-targeted manner, metagenomics has enabled very exhaustive description of bacterial communities in the CF lung niche and, to a lesser extent, the fungi. Aided by progress in bioinformatics, this now makes it possible to envisage shotgun sequencing and opens the door to other areas of the microbial world, the virome, and the archaeome, for which almost everything remains to be described in cystic fibrosis. Paradoxically, applying NGS in microbiology has seen a rebirth of bacterial culture, but in an extended manner (culturomics), which has proved to be a perfectly complementary approach to NGS. Animal models have also proved indispensable for validating microbiome pathophysiological hypotheses. Description of pathological microbiomes and correlation with clinical status and therapeutics (antibiotic therapy, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulators) revealed the richness of microbiome data, enabling description of predictive and follow-up biomarkers. Although monogenic, CF is a multifactorial disease, and both genotype and microbiome profiles are crucial interconnected factors in disease progression. Microbiome-genome interactions are thus important to decipher.
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spelling pubmed-72884432020-06-17 The Microbiome in Cystic Fibrosis Pulmonary Disease Françoise, Alice Héry-Arnaud, Geneviève Genes (Basel) Review Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease with mutational changes leading to profound dysbiosis, both pulmonary and intestinal, from a very young age. This dysbiosis plays an important role in clinical manifestations, particularly in the lungs, affected by chronic infection. The range of microbiological tools has recently been enriched by metagenomics based on next-generation sequencing (NGS). Currently applied essentially in a gene-targeted manner, metagenomics has enabled very exhaustive description of bacterial communities in the CF lung niche and, to a lesser extent, the fungi. Aided by progress in bioinformatics, this now makes it possible to envisage shotgun sequencing and opens the door to other areas of the microbial world, the virome, and the archaeome, for which almost everything remains to be described in cystic fibrosis. Paradoxically, applying NGS in microbiology has seen a rebirth of bacterial culture, but in an extended manner (culturomics), which has proved to be a perfectly complementary approach to NGS. Animal models have also proved indispensable for validating microbiome pathophysiological hypotheses. Description of pathological microbiomes and correlation with clinical status and therapeutics (antibiotic therapy, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulators) revealed the richness of microbiome data, enabling description of predictive and follow-up biomarkers. Although monogenic, CF is a multifactorial disease, and both genotype and microbiome profiles are crucial interconnected factors in disease progression. Microbiome-genome interactions are thus important to decipher. MDPI 2020-05-11 /pmc/articles/PMC7288443/ /pubmed/32403302 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11050536 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Françoise, Alice
Héry-Arnaud, Geneviève
The Microbiome in Cystic Fibrosis Pulmonary Disease
title The Microbiome in Cystic Fibrosis Pulmonary Disease
title_full The Microbiome in Cystic Fibrosis Pulmonary Disease
title_fullStr The Microbiome in Cystic Fibrosis Pulmonary Disease
title_full_unstemmed The Microbiome in Cystic Fibrosis Pulmonary Disease
title_short The Microbiome in Cystic Fibrosis Pulmonary Disease
title_sort microbiome in cystic fibrosis pulmonary disease
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7288443/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32403302
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11050536
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