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Comparison of hospitalized patients with pneumonia caused by COVID-19 and influenza A in children under 5 years

BACKGROUND: Since the outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, considerable attention has been paid to its epidemiology and clinical characteristics in children. However, it is also crucial for clinicians to differentiate COVID-19 from other respiratory infectious diseases, such as...

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Autores principales: Li, Ying, Wang, Haizhou, Wang, Fan, Du, Hui, Liu, Xueru, Chen, Peng, Wang, Yanli, Lu, Xiaoxia
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7289729/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32535301
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.06.026
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author Li, Ying
Wang, Haizhou
Wang, Fan
Du, Hui
Liu, Xueru
Chen, Peng
Wang, Yanli
Lu, Xiaoxia
author_facet Li, Ying
Wang, Haizhou
Wang, Fan
Du, Hui
Liu, Xueru
Chen, Peng
Wang, Yanli
Lu, Xiaoxia
author_sort Li, Ying
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Since the outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, considerable attention has been paid to its epidemiology and clinical characteristics in children. However, it is also crucial for clinicians to differentiate COVID-19 from other respiratory infectious diseases, such as influenza viruses. METHODS: This was a retrospective study. Two groups of COVID-19 patients (n = 57) and influenza A patients (n = 59) were enrolled. We analyzed and compared their clinical manifestations, imaging characteristics and treatments. RESULTS: The proportions of cough (70.2%), fever (54.4%) and gastrointestinal symptoms (14.1%) in COVID-19 patients were lower than those of influenza A patients (98.3%, P < 0.001; 84.7%, P < 0.001; and 35.6%, P = 0.007; respectively). In addition, COVID-19 patients showed significantly lower levels of leukocytes (7.87 vs. 9.89 × 10(9) L(–1), P = 0.027), neutrophils (2.43 vs. 5.16 × 10(9) L(–1), P < 0.001), C-reactive protein (CRP; 3.7 vs. 15.1 mg/L, P = 0.001) and procalcitonin (PCT; 0.09 vs. 0.68 mm/h, P < 0.001), while lymphocyte levels (4.58 vs. 3.56 × 109 L(–1); P = 0.006) were significantly higher compared with influenza A patients. In terms of CT imaging, ground-glass opacification in chest CT was more common in COVID-19 patients than in influenza A patients (42.1% vs. 15%, P = 0.032). In contrast, consolidation was more common in influenza A patients (25%) than in COVID-19 patients (5.2%, P = 0.025). CONCLUSION: The clinical manifestations and laboratory tests of COVID-19 children are milder than those of influenza A children under 5 years. Additionally, imaging results more commonly presented as ground-glass opacities in COVID-19 patients.
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spelling pubmed-72897292020-06-12 Comparison of hospitalized patients with pneumonia caused by COVID-19 and influenza A in children under 5 years Li, Ying Wang, Haizhou Wang, Fan Du, Hui Liu, Xueru Chen, Peng Wang, Yanli Lu, Xiaoxia Int J Infect Dis Article BACKGROUND: Since the outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, considerable attention has been paid to its epidemiology and clinical characteristics in children. However, it is also crucial for clinicians to differentiate COVID-19 from other respiratory infectious diseases, such as influenza viruses. METHODS: This was a retrospective study. Two groups of COVID-19 patients (n = 57) and influenza A patients (n = 59) were enrolled. We analyzed and compared their clinical manifestations, imaging characteristics and treatments. RESULTS: The proportions of cough (70.2%), fever (54.4%) and gastrointestinal symptoms (14.1%) in COVID-19 patients were lower than those of influenza A patients (98.3%, P < 0.001; 84.7%, P < 0.001; and 35.6%, P = 0.007; respectively). In addition, COVID-19 patients showed significantly lower levels of leukocytes (7.87 vs. 9.89 × 10(9) L(–1), P = 0.027), neutrophils (2.43 vs. 5.16 × 10(9) L(–1), P < 0.001), C-reactive protein (CRP; 3.7 vs. 15.1 mg/L, P = 0.001) and procalcitonin (PCT; 0.09 vs. 0.68 mm/h, P < 0.001), while lymphocyte levels (4.58 vs. 3.56 × 109 L(–1); P = 0.006) were significantly higher compared with influenza A patients. In terms of CT imaging, ground-glass opacification in chest CT was more common in COVID-19 patients than in influenza A patients (42.1% vs. 15%, P = 0.032). In contrast, consolidation was more common in influenza A patients (25%) than in COVID-19 patients (5.2%, P = 0.025). CONCLUSION: The clinical manifestations and laboratory tests of COVID-19 children are milder than those of influenza A children under 5 years. Additionally, imaging results more commonly presented as ground-glass opacities in COVID-19 patients. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases. 2020-09 2020-06-12 /pmc/articles/PMC7289729/ /pubmed/32535301 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.06.026 Text en © 2020 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.
spellingShingle Article
Li, Ying
Wang, Haizhou
Wang, Fan
Du, Hui
Liu, Xueru
Chen, Peng
Wang, Yanli
Lu, Xiaoxia
Comparison of hospitalized patients with pneumonia caused by COVID-19 and influenza A in children under 5 years
title Comparison of hospitalized patients with pneumonia caused by COVID-19 and influenza A in children under 5 years
title_full Comparison of hospitalized patients with pneumonia caused by COVID-19 and influenza A in children under 5 years
title_fullStr Comparison of hospitalized patients with pneumonia caused by COVID-19 and influenza A in children under 5 years
title_full_unstemmed Comparison of hospitalized patients with pneumonia caused by COVID-19 and influenza A in children under 5 years
title_short Comparison of hospitalized patients with pneumonia caused by COVID-19 and influenza A in children under 5 years
title_sort comparison of hospitalized patients with pneumonia caused by covid-19 and influenza a in children under 5 years
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7289729/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32535301
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.06.026
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